Strategy for Management of Using Saline Irrigation Water and Tillage Systems in Water Productivity and Wheat

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the fall season of 2022-2023 to manage the minimum tillage system and compare it with conventional tillage systems and irrigation with salt water +25% leaching requirements to determine the actual water consumption of wheat under conditions of water deficit. The amount of water added and the amount of water that can be saved, as well as evaluating water productivity. The experiment was carried out within the Shinafiya project - Nasiriyah / Iraq. Three tillage systems were used in the experiment: A. Minimum tillage with a disc harrow b. Tillage with Chisel Plow+ Spring Tooth Harrows c. Tillage with Mold Plow+ Spring Tooth Harrows. Wheat seeds, Triticum aestivum L., variety Ibaa 99, were planted on 25/11/2022 and harvested on May 3, 2023, moreover, salty main outfall water was used to irrigate the plants. The study results showed that the ETa actual water consumption values differed according to the tillage treatments, as it reached 470, 449, and 415 mm/season at the treatment of Mold Plow+ Spring Tooth Harrows, and Chisel Plow+ Spring Tooth Harrows, and Mini Tillage (Disk Harrow), respectively. The minimum tillage treatment achieved the highest water productivity, amounting to 2.09 kg.m−3, with an increase of 50.36 and 68.55% compared to the tillage treatments of Chisel Plow+ Spring Tooth Harrows and Mold Plow+ Spring Tooth Harrows, respectively.