Stratigraphy and depositional environments in the Silurian Red Mountain Formation of the southern Appalachian basin, USA

Chowns, Timothy M.; Rindsberg, Andrew K.

doi:10.1130/2015.0039(04)

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to six shells of Platymerella collected here, other biostratigaphically useful brachiopods include well-preserved Eospirigerina sp., Eoplectodonta sp., and Levenea sp. (see Chowns and Rindsberg, 2015). Limestone slabs exhibit well-preserved brachiopods in relatively undisturbed positions.…”

Section: Geologic and Stratigraphic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation is best known for the sedimentary iron ores, upon which Birmingham was established, and some thin hematitic limestones are present in the study area. Sedimentological studies indicate deposition on a tropical, storm-dominated shelf subject to flexural subsidence and eustatic changes in sea level driven by glaciation in Gondwana (Chowns and Rindsberg, 2015; Chowns, 2018; Chowns and Ashley, 2018).…”

Section: Geologic and Stratigraphic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Red Mountain Formation in Lookout Valley is divided into three members (Chowns, 1996; Chowns and Rindsberg, 2015), including, in ascending order, the Taylor Ridge (Rhuddanian), Duck Springs (?lower Aeronian), and Birmingham (mid-Aeronian to lower Telychian) members. Age determinations are based on brachiopod lineages investigated by Baarli (in Chowns, 1996) and conodonts (Manzo et al, 2002).…”

Section: Geologic and Stratigraphic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to three specimens of Platymerella collected at this site, other significant brachiopod taxa include Eoplectodonta sp., Eospirigerina sp., Hesperorthis sp., Levenea sp., and Strophonella sp. (see Chowns and Rindsberg, 2015). Tabulate and solitary rugose corals are common in the uppermost layers of the exposure (Beard and Holmes, 2010;Landis and Holmes, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Platymerella—a cool-water virgianid brachiopod fauna in southern Laurentia during the earliest Silurian

Jin

Santamaría²,

Mikulic³

et al. 2022

J. Paleontol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Platymerella from the lower Red Mountain Formation in Georgia and Tennessee, the Bowling Green Dolomite of west-central Illinois, and the Elwood Dolomite of northeastern Illinois represents a paleosubtropical, cool-water occurrence of virgianid brachiopods in Laurentia during the early Silurian (middle–late Rhuddanian). These occurrences were located in the southern Appalachian foreland basin and the distal end of the Sebree Trough, likely subjected to frequent cool-water current and upwelling from Gondwana. Compared with broadly coeval species of Virgiana from lower paleotropical to equatorial latitudes, Platymerella has significantly smaller, dorsoventrally flattened shells, with subequal ventral and dorsal umbones and beaks that extend only slightly above the hinge line. Relative to its shell size, however, Platymerella has more prominent thickening of the shell wall, median septum, spondylium, and hinge plates than Virgiana, resembling more closely the extravagant shell thickening of Tcherskidium and Proconchidium from the Late Ordovician (late Katian) equatorial regions. The thickening of hinge plates resulted in the formation of a pseudocruralium, which separates Platymerella from Virgiana. In latest Ordovician–earliest Silurian virgianids, there was a general morphological gradient toward a smaller shell, reduction in the ventral-valve convexity, and reduction in the size and height of the ventral umbo from paleoequatorial to southern subtropical regions, with Platymerella representing the most southerly forms.

show abstract

Section: Geologic and Stratigraphic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic and Stratigraphic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic and Stratigraphic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Platymerella—a cool-water virgianid brachiopod fauna in southern Laurentia during the earliest Silurian

Jin

Santamaría²,

Mikulic³

et al. 2022

J. Paleontol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A more intensive search in some areas of the sediment was needed by the animal, to probably make contact with oxygenated water, so a vertical shaft was constructed (Jensen ). The type material of Scotolithus miriabilis comes from offshore deposits of the lower Cambrian (Epoch 2) Mickwitzia sandstone of Sweden (Jensen ) and has also been documented from the Silurian (Llandovery) Red Mountain Formation of the Appalachians, Eastern United States (Chowns & Rindsberg ).…”

Section: Radial To Rosette Ichnofossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling Phanerozoic evolution of radial to rosette trace fossils

Muñoz

Mángano

Buatois

2019

LET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Feeding trace fossils, produced by either deposit or detritus feeders and showing radial to rosetted morphology, are all included in the same architectural category. These radial to rosette ichnofossils are widely recorded worldwide throughout the Phanerozoic and have attracted the attention of numerous ichnologists for decades. Construction of a database summarizing occurrences of radial to rosette trace fossils through the Phanerozoic shows that representatives of this category occurred for the first time during the Fortunian, which accounts for the appearance of at least 12% of the total number of ichnogenera in this category. Overall, 32% of all known rosette ichnogenera resulted from the Cambrian Explosion. A second ichnodiversity increase took place (20%) during the Ordovician. Subsequent to the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, this architectural category shows minor fluctuations in ichnodiversity resulting in a long‐term plateau. The apparent decline in ichnodiversity by the end of the Cenozoic could reflect a taphonomic artefact resulting from the difficulties of identifying cumulative trace fossils in highly bioturbated modern sediments. Our data set indicates that several radial to rosette ichnogenera (e.g. Arenituba, Dactylophycus, Gyrophyllites, Phoebichnus, Volkichnium) occurred first in shallow‐marine settings and then migrated to either deeper‐water or marginal‐marine environments, while others (e.g. Asterichnus, Cladichnus, Dactyloidites) apparently first occurred in deep‐sea environments and then migrated to shallower waters.

show abstract

The geologic history of seawater oxygen isotopes from marine iron oxides

Galili

Shemesh

Yam

et al. 2019

Science

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The oxygen isotope composition (δ18O) of marine sedimentary rocks has increased by 10 to 15 per mil since Archean time. Interpretation of this trend is hindered by the dual control of temperature and fluid δ18O on the rocks’ isotopic composition. A new δ18O record in marine iron oxides covering the past ~2000 million years shows a similar secular rise. Iron oxide precipitation experiments reveal a weakly temperature-dependent iron oxide–water oxygen isotope fractionation, suggesting that increasing seawater δ18O over time was the primary cause of the long-term rise in δ18O values of marine precipitates. The18O enrichment may have been driven by an increase in terrestrial sediment cover, a change in the proportion of high- and low-temperature crustal alteration, or a combination of these and other factors.

show abstract

Stratigraphy and depositional environments in the Silurian Red Mountain Formation of the southern Appalachian basin, USA

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Platymerella—a cool-water virgianid brachiopod fauna in southern Laurentia during the earliest Silurian

Platymerella—a cool-water virgianid brachiopod fauna in southern Laurentia during the earliest Silurian

Unravelling Phanerozoic evolution of radial to rosette trace fossils

The geologic history of seawater oxygen isotopes from marine iron oxides

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About