Stratum corneum hydration regulates key epidermal function and serves as an indicator and contributor to other conditions

Man, Mao‐Qiang; Elias, Peter M.

doi:10.1111/jdv.15374

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Reduced stratum corneum hydration can also provoke cutaneous inflammation. 30 In comparison to young skin, barrier recovery is delayed in aged skin. Because low temperature delays permeability barrier recovery, aged subjects can exhibit sustained barrier dysfunction and increases in cytokine production in cold weather conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A topical emollient mitigates the progression of cognitive impairment in the elderly: a randomized, open‐label pilot trial

Wang

Kim

et al. 2022

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background Cognitive impairment is common in the elderly. Prior studies suggest a link between chronic inflammation and cognitive dysfunction, while aging‐associated epidermal dysfunction has been connected to elevations in circulating cytokines. Objective We assessed here whether improvements in epidermal function can mitigate the progression of cognitive impairment. Methods This randomized, open‐label pilot trial was carried out in two cities in northern China. A total of 200 participants aged ≥65 years were randomly assigned to the emollient‐treated and untreated groups at 1:1 ratio. Participants in the treated group were treated topically with Atopalm cream® twice‐daily from November to the following May each year for three consecutive years, while the untreated subjects served as controls. The Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) was used to assess the severity of cognitive impairment, while epidermal biophysical properties were measured on the forearms and the shins in parallel. Results Over the three‐year trial, GDS significantly increased from baseline (P < 0.0001) in the controls, while in the treated group, GDS stabilized. While stratum corneum hydration on the forearms did not change significantly in the controls, transepidermal water loss rates (TEWL), significantly increased by the end of the trial compared to baselines in the controls (P < 0.0001). On the forearms of the treated group, stratum corneum hydration increased (P < 0.0001) while skin surface pH decreased from baseline (P < 0.0001). Conclusions These results suggest that improvements in epidermal function with topical emollient can mitigate the progression of cognitive impairment. However, the sample size was relatively small, and trials in a larger cohort are needed to validate the present results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pruritus causes scratching, resulting in disruption of epidermal permeability barrier function, leading to increased cytokine production and inflammatory infiltration. Reduced stratum corneum hydration can also provoke cutaneous inflammation 30 . In comparison to young skin, barrier recovery is delayed in aged skin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A topical emollient mitigates the progression of cognitive impairment in the elderly: a randomized, open‐label pilot trial

Wang

Kim

et al. 2022

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…The development of obesity has been linked to inflammatory cytokines [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Either decreased stratum corneum hydration levels or increased skin surface pH can provoke or exacerbate cutaneous inflammation [ 19 , 50 ]. Conversely, improvements in epidermal functions with emollients can lower levels of cutaneous and circulating cytokines [ 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Body Mass Index with Epidermal Biophysical Properties Varies with Gender in Chinese

Lai

Wen

et al. 2022

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background: Epidermal function is associated with diabetes and renal disease. Whether obesity can reflect the changes in epidermal function is not clear yet. Objective: We assessed here the correlation of epidermal functions with body mass index (BMI) in a large Chinese cohort. Methods and Subjects: A total of 1405 Chinese aged 21 to 96 years old were enrolled in this study. Epidermal functions, including transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum hydration and skin surface pH, were measured on the flexor forearm and the shin. Subjects’ height and body weight were also measured. Results: Age positively correlated with both TEWL and skin surface pH, while negatively correlating with stratum corneum hydration on both the forearm and the shin of females. Similarly, age positively correlated with skin surface pH, while negatively correlating with stratum corneum hydration on both the forearm and the shin of males. In females, BMI positively correlated with skin surface pH, while negatively correlating with stratum corneum hydration on both the forearm and the shin. However, BMI correlated with neither skin surface pH on both the forearm and the shin nor with stratum corneum hydration on the shin of males. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that correlations of BMI with age and epidermal functions vary with gender.

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“…A defective permeability barrier increases skin sensitivity to irritant and allergen challenges due to enhanced penetration of these substances into the skin [72]. Reduced stratum corneum hydration can also provoke cutaneous inflammation [73]. For example, subjects with dry skin often experience pruritus, a symptom of cutaneous inflammation [74].…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Epidermal Biophysical Properties with Obesity and Its Implications

Zhu,

Yang,

Mauro

et al. 2023

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background: Obesity is a condition defined by an excess amount of body fat, with body mass index (BMI) of 30 and higher. It is associated with a number of other medical conditions, including insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as dyslipidemia, and it is also associated with several cutaneous disorders such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, intertriginous dermatitis, acanthosis nigricans and skin infections. Summary: Evidence suggests a link between obesity and epidermal dysfunction. Generally, individuals with obesity display higher transepidermal water loss rate and lower stratum corneum hydration levels, although no association of obesity with epidermal dysfunction has been documented. Results of skin surface pH are controversial. But study demonstrated a positive correlation of BMI with skin surface pH on both the forearm and the shin in males, suggesting that the changes in epidermal function vary with gender in individuals with obesity. Key Messages: This review summarizes the association between obesity and epidermal function, and discusses possible underlying mechanisms. Individuals with obesity exhibit poor epidermal permeability barrier and lower stratum corneum hydration levels. Because of the pathogenic role of compromised epidermal function in inflammation, which is also linked to obesity, improvement in epidermal function could benefit individuals with obesity, particularly those with abnormalities in epidermal function.

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Stratum corneum hydration regulates key epidermal function and serves as an indicator and contributor to other conditions

Abstract: Linked article: This is a commentary on M. Augustin et al., pp. 147–150 in this issue. To view this article visit https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15157.

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

A topical emollient mitigates the progression of cognitive impairment in the elderly: a randomized, open‐label pilot trial

A topical emollient mitigates the progression of cognitive impairment in the elderly: a randomized, open‐label pilot trial

Correlation of Body Mass Index with Epidermal Biophysical Properties Varies with Gender in Chinese

Association of Epidermal Biophysical Properties with Obesity and Its Implications

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