Straw Utilization in China—Status and Recommendations

Ren, Jing; Yu, Pei-Xian; Xu, Xiaohong

doi:10.3390/su11061762

Cited by 161 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In recent years, as new technologies have developed, using straw for energy purposes has become more widespread and economically viable. It allows us to save energy and to reduce emission of airborne pollutants [21,22]. Straw as feedstock for power generation may become very important in rural areas, where it appears in amounts exceeding the potential utilisation for agricultural purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straw Stocks as a Source of Renewable Energy. A Case Study of a District in Poland

et al. 2019

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Biomass is playing an increasingly important role as a source of renewable energy. The aim of this study has been to identify the potential applicability of straw from agricultural crops to generate energy within the district of Braniewo, in the province Warmia and Mazury, Poland. The study covered the years 2015 to 2017. Based on statistical data, and using appropriate equations and norms, the structure of crop production and the number of livestock in the mentioned district were analysed; the potential production volume of straw was estimated, from which the amount needed for animal production (feed and bedding) was deducted, while the organic substance balance in soil was calculated. An annual average amount of straw remaining to be used for energy purposes in the district of Braniewo is about 41,531 t of straw, equivalent to about 60,222 GJ of energy (24,088 t of coal). In addition to the above analyses, a survey was conducted among local farmers, which showed their opinions about barriers to and opportunities for growing crops for energy purposes and using renewable energy resources. The survey results justify the claim that there is certain potential among farmers in the district of Braniewo to grow crops for energy purposes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straw Stocks as a Source of Renewable Energy. A Case Study of a District in Poland

et al. 2019

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“…In China, the total output of straw resources is about 0.7 billion tons per year [13]. Owing to its low price and high availability in farmland, straw has widely served as a biodegradable and renewable agricultural engineering material [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Surface Straw Incorporation Rate on Water–Salt Balance and Maize Yield in Soil Subject to Secondary Salinization with Brackish Water Irrigation

Zhang

Sheng

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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Secondary salinization induced by brackish water irrigation has forced agricultural development to increasingly rely on soil management. A two-year field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of different straw incorporation rates (SIRs) within 0 to 20 cm topsoil on the soil water–salt balance, maize yield production, and water use efficiency (WUE) under brackish water irrigation in a naturally non-saline area. Air-dried wheat straw was applied at the rates of 0, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5, and 18.0 t ha−1 (R0–R4) and two salinity levels of irrigation water with the salt content of 1.92 dS m−1 (SL) and 3.20 dS m−1 (SH) were applied for simulating the scenarios of secondary salinization. Results demonstrated that straw incorporation markedly increased the soil water content during two growing seasons, and SIR was directly correlated to the deep percolation, but inversely correlated to the soil water depletion, under both the SL and SH condition. Meanwhile, straw incorporation led to the increase in salt content within the straw incorporation zone, but the total mass of salt deposited in the 0–100 cm soil profile was comparatively reduced as SIR increased due to the increased deep percolation for salt leaching, and such relative alleviation was more pronounced under the SH condition. The significantly increased maize yield and its corresponding WUE were obtained in treatments with high SIR levels. Additionally, an exponential function was used to describe the trend of the yield-increasing rate as SIR increased, and the theoretical maximum of grain and biomass yield calculated from the fitting results were 6483 in 17,282 kg ha−1 under SL, and 5440 and 14,501 kg ha−1 under SH, respectively. Results in this study would be helpful in the adoption of straw incorporation and brackish water irrigation in ways that facilitate soil water availability and reduce the risk of soil salinization.

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“…This method has been adopted by many farmers and it is believed that it can help to utilize more million tons of crop residues by 2020 which will reduce chemical fertilizer inputs and also ensure environmental safety. [ 110,111 ] Heilongjiang province, which is considered among the most important grain production areas in China has adopted a technique of 100% in situ straw returning to the field as a way of promoting green agriculture to farmers to reduce pollution. [ 112,113 ]…”

Section: The Way Forward and Future Prospects To Reduce Nps Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Planting Field on Groundwater and Surface Water Pollution in China

Opoku‐Kwanowaa

Furaha

et al. 2020

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Water forms an essential resource for life on earth because all living things on earth depend on water for life activities. However, with the increase in the human population, which is coupled with intense urbanization and agricultural activities, global water pollution has increased over the past decades. In China, agricultural activities that occure mainly in the planting fields have been listed as the main source of surface water and groundwater pollution. This review focuses on the major factors that influence pollution from planting fields in China mainly as a result of farming activities such as flood irrigation, excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides, and poor management practices. At present, good results are achieved by adopting soil fertilization test formula, biodegradable pesticides, proper irrigation, and agroforestry interventions. In the future, pollution from planting fields as a non‐point source of water pollution can be improved and resolved by perfect nutrient management, best management practices, organic amendments, restoring water environment, and intelligent assessment management.

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Straw Utilization in China—Status and Recommendations

Cited by 161 publications

References 29 publications

Straw Stocks as a Source of Renewable Energy. A Case Study of a District in Poland

Straw Stocks as a Source of Renewable Energy. A Case Study of a District in Poland

Effect of Surface Straw Incorporation Rate on Water–Salt Balance and Maize Yield in Soil Subject to Secondary Salinization with Brackish Water Irrigation

Effects of Planting Field on Groundwater and Surface Water Pollution in China

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