Strength Training Session Induces Important Changes on Physiological, Immunological, and Inflammatory Biomarkers

Fortunato, Ayla Karine; Pontes, Washington Martins; Souza, Débora Maria Soares de; Prazeres, Jéssica Santos Ferreira; Marcucci-Barbosa, Lucas Soares; Santos, Júlia Miranda Mól; Veira, Érica Leandro Marciano; Bearzoti, Eduardo; Pinto, Kelerson Mauro de Castro; Talvani, André; Silva, Albená Nunes da

doi:10.1155/2018/9675216

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In our study, acute exercise to fatigue was associated with an increase in circulating concentrations of several cytokines, including IL-6, TNF- α , sTNFR1, IL-10, CXCI10/IP-10, BDNF, leptin, adiponectin, and resistin. This elevation is similar to that found by other studies [ 28 – 30 , 61 – 63 ] and is consistent with the idea that acute exercise may function as an acute inflammatory stimulus [ 64 – 66 ]. Elevated cytokines included proinflammatory molecules (IL-6, TNF- α ), molecules with anti-inflammatory activity (IL-10, sTNFR1), adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin), and neurotrophic factors (BDNF).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Aerobic Training Modulates the Increase in Plasma Concentrations of Cytokines in response to a Session of Exercise

Fonseca

Mendes

Ramos

et al. 2021

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Acute physical exercise can modulate immune function. For example, acute exercise is known to increase the circulating concentration of cytokines. Exercise is also known to modulate immune function chronically. It is not known whether exercise training can result in training of the immune system. Here, we investigated the effects of six weeks of aerobic training on cytokine responses induced by acute exercise until fatigue. Twelve healthy men performed a fatiguing exercise at the anaerobic threshold (AT) intensity. After the training period, the participants performed another bout of acute exercise at the same duration and intensity of the pretraining situation. The analysis was made at the beginning, end, and at 10, 30, and 60 minutes during the recovery period. Training at AT induced a gain of 11.2% of exercise capacity. Before training, a single bout of acute exercise induced a significant increase in plasma levels of cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α, sTNFR1, IL-10, CXCL10, BDNF, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin. After six weeks of aerobic training, levels of IL-6, sTNFR1, BDNF, and leptin increased to a lesser extent after an acute bout exercise at the same absolute intensity as the pretraining period. Responses to the same relative exercise intensity were similar to those observed before exercise. These results show that aerobic training is associated with training of acute immune responses to acute exercise until fatigue.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Aerobic Training Modulates the Increase in Plasma Concentrations of Cytokines in response to a Session of Exercise

Fonseca

Mendes

Ramos

et al. 2021

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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“…Several myokines are synthesized and secreted during contraction (Pourteymour et al, 2017) like Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF-21) (Kim and Song, 2017), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (Brown et al, 2018), Interleukin-8 (IL-8) (Covington et al, 2016), Interleukin-15 (IL-15) (Hingorjo et al, 2018), Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) (Broholm et al, 2011), irisin (Lu et al, 2016), Myostatin (Hjorth et al, 2016), Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) (Norheim et al, 2014), Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) (Fortunato et al, 2018), Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) (Xi et al, 2016) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) (Gomes et al, 2017). Their expression in skeletal muscle is generally very low, but the levels of some of these myokines increase considerably during muscle contraction (FGF-21, IL-6, IL-15, irisin and BDNF among others) (Table 1).…”

Section: Myokines and The Contracting Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles: Delivery Vehicles of Myokines

2019

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Movement and regular physical activity are two important factors that help the human body prevent, reduce and treat different chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart diseases, hypertension, sarcopenia, cachexia and cancer. During exercise, several tissues release molecules into the blood stream, and are able to mediate beneficial effects throughout the whole body. In particular, contracting skeletal muscle cells have the capacity to communicate with other organs through the release of humoral factors that play an important role in the mechanisms of adaptation to physical exercise. These muscle-derived factors, today recognized as myokines, act as endocrine and paracrine hormones. Moreover, exercise may stimulate the release of small membranous vesicles into circulation, whose composition is influenced by the same exercise. Combining the two hypotheses, these molecules related to exercise, named exer-kines, might be secreted from muscle cells inside small vesicles (nanovesicles). These could act as messengers in tissue cross talk during physical exercise. Thanks to their ability to deliver useful molecules (such as proteins and miRNA) in both physiological and pathological conditions, extracellular vesicles can be thought of as promising candidates for potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications for several diseases.

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“…Although regular exercise itself provides beneficial hormonal balance, promotes protein/enzyme turnover, and enhances immunological competence [54], the efficiency of antioxidant or ergogenic supplements remain controversial. Few solid meta-analysis studies were only able to sustain recommendation of high-protein or creatine supplementation in order to enhance muscle mass, strength, and functional performance in elderly, as a nutritional strategy to circumvent the harmful effects of sarcopenia [55][56][57].…”

Section: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Glutamine Supplementation Improves the Benefits of Combined-Exercise Training on Oral Redox Balance and Inflammatory Status in Elderly Individuals

Almeida

Santos

Paixão

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Although regular combined aerobic-resistance exercises can ameliorate the inflammatory status and redox balance in elderly population, it is unclear whether protein or specific amino acid supplementation could improve such benefits. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the inflammatory status and redox indexes through of the saliva of 34 elderly subject nonpractitioners (NP group, 73.3±6.6 years) and 49 elderly subject practitioners of a combined-exercise training in moderate intensity (CET group, 71.9±5.8 years) before (pre) and after (post) 30 days of supplementation with L-glutamine (Gln) or placebo (PL). Our results showed that, both in pre- and postsupplementation, the salivary levels of nitric oxide (NO⋅) and TNF-α were lower, whereas the levels of uric acid and IL-10 (as well as IL-10/TNF-α ratio) were higher in the CET groups than in the NP groups. In postsupplementation, both groups supplemented with Gln (NP-Gln and CET-Gln) showed higher salivary uric acid levels compared to baseline. In addition, lower NO⋅ levels were found in the CET-Gln group postsupplementation than presupplementation values. Whereas the CET-Gln group showed lower GSH levels postsupplementation, NP-Gln subjects showed lower GSSG levels at the same time point, both compared to baseline. Interestingly, salivary peroxidase activity was lower only in NP groups (NP-PL and NP-Gln) postsupplementation than baseline values. A positive significant correlation between salivary peroxidase activity and GSH levels, and also between salivary peroxidase activity and uric acid levels were observed in the CET-Gln group both pre- and postsupplementation. No differences were found in albumin, total antioxidant activity (TEAC), and reducing power analysis between groups, pre- or postsupplementation. In conclusion, the elderly subjects from the CET group showed a better inflammatory response and redox balance and, for the first time, it was shown that daily supplementation with Gln for 30 days can improve these benefits with putative association with a healthy aging.

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Strength Training Session Induces Important Changes on Physiological, Immunological, and Inflammatory Biomarkers

Cited by 39 publications

References 58 publications

Aerobic Training Modulates the Increase in Plasma Concentrations of Cytokines in response to a Session of Exercise

Aerobic Training Modulates the Increase in Plasma Concentrations of Cytokines in response to a Session of Exercise

Extracellular Vesicles: Delivery Vehicles of Myokines

L-Glutamine Supplementation Improves the Benefits of Combined-Exercise Training on Oral Redox Balance and Inflammatory Status in Elderly Individuals

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