Strengthening Human Security Through Para Diplomacy in Indonesia

Abstract

This research intended to explain how strengthening human security could be done by Para diplomacy which carried out by sub-state actors in Indonesia. Globalization is driving significant changes in international relations. The impact of these conditions is the increase in the importance of human security and the increasing of sub-state role in international cooperation. Local government is a sub-state actor who plays a significant role. The study used qualitative research methods. The research was conducted by descriptiveanalytical technique. To collect the data, this study used interview and literature studies. Data analysis was done through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. This research shows that the practice of Para diplomacy by local governments as sub-state actors in Indonesia was able to contribute to the strengthening of human security. Strengthening human security was primarily related to economic security. The conclusion of this study explained that Para diplomacy has a strategic role in strengthening human security. However, the implementation of international cooperation by sub-state actors experienced several obstacles that caused the strengthening of human security was not running as optimal as the arrangement.