Stress adaptation, cortisol and pubertal development in the male common carp, Cyprinus carpio

Goos, H.J.Th.; Consten, D.

doi:10.1016/s0303-7207(02)00284-8

Cited by 56 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Moreover, circulating levels of cortisol were inversely correlated with GSI. The negative association between cortisol and GSI agrees with previous studies in pubertal male common carp, Cyprinus carpio, showing that cortisol retards gonadal development [57,58]. Therefore, cortisol may play an inhibitory role in testicular development also in this species, a hypothesis that deserves further attention.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Social cues in the expression of sequential alternative reproductive tactics in young males of the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo

Fagundes¹,

Simões

Gonçalves

et al. 2012

Physiology & Behavior

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Phenotypic change in response to variation in environmental cues has been widely documented in fish. Transitions in social dominance, in particular, have been shown to induce a rapid switch in reproductive phenotypes in many species. However, this effect has been mainly studied in adults and focused on behavioural transitions. The way social cues constraint the phenotypic development of juveniles remains poorly studied in fish. We tested the importance of social dominance and density in the phenotypic development of juveniles of the peacock blenny Salaria pavo. This species shows sequential male alternative reproductive tactics. In the first breeding season males can reproduce as nest-holders or as parasitic males (female-mimicking), or postpone reproduction; from the following season afterwards all males reproduce as nest-holders. Parasitic males have relatively larger testes that lack a testicular gland, present in the testes of nest-holders. The testicular gland is the main source of androgens in the testes and accordingly nest-holders have higher circulating androgen levels. In addition, exogenous androgen administration to parasitic males promotes the development of secondary sexual characters (SSC) only present in nest-holders such as a head crest and an anal gland. We raised juveniles under a high or low-density treatment and monitored social interactions for 1 month. No significant effect of density on the development of juvenile males was detected. However, within each replicate, the relative body size of juvenile males at the beginning of the experiment determined their dominance status, with dominant males developing towards the nest-holder morphotype. Dominant males engaged in more nest defence behaviour, showed larger testicular glands, had higher levels of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and testosterone (T) and developed more SSC, as compared to subordinate males. However, these effects of social dominance were moderated by body condition as only dominant males in good body condition developed SSC. The effect of social dominance and of the area of the testicular gland on the development of SSC was mediated by 11-KT and on the expression of nest defence behaviour by T. Interestingly, in spite of the higher androgen levels and more pronounced morphologic development of SSC in dominant individuals, gonadal development was independent of social dominance and most fish still had underdeveloped testis at the end of the experiment. In conclusion, social dominance promoted the development of the testicular gland, an increase in circulating androgen levels and the development of SSC, but did not promote testicular development. This suggests a dissociation of mechanisms underlying sexual maturation and the expression of male reproductive traits. This dissociation seems to be the key for the occurrence of female-mimicking males in this species, which are sexually mature despite lacking the SSC typical of nest-holders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Social cues in the expression of sequential alternative reproductive tactics in young males of the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo

Fagundes¹,

Simões

Gonçalves

et al. 2012

Physiology & Behavior

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“…Chronically elevated cortisol levels affected the HPG axis. Moreover, cortisol acts directly on Sertoli cells and/or on germ cells and induces retardation of testicular development [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Characteristics of Rat Testicular Tissue and the Impact of Chronic Noise Stress Exposure in the Prenatal and Postnatal Periods

Lasheen¹

2015

Anat Physiol

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Recently claims have been raised that noise stress may exert adverse effects on the reproductive functions. The present study was undertaken to investigate first; developmental histological characteristics of rat testis at 3 critical age periods namely; full term fetus, pre-pubertal and adult stages. Second, the impact of chronic noise stress exposure on testicular tissue at these age periods.Albino rats were used and assigned into 3 groups; pregnant rats (to obtain fetuses at day 20 of gestation), prepubertal and adult male rats. Each group was subdivided into control and experimental subgroups. Experimental subgroups were exposed to noise stress (100dB), 6 hours daily for 30 days for Pre-pubertal and adult groups. While, pregnant rats were exposed to noise stress from day 8-20 of gestation then rats were sacrificed, testicles of fetuses were extracted. At the end of experiment, all testicles were extracted from pre-pubertal and adult rats and processed for paraffin block embedding, light microscopic examination and immunohistochemical staining for apoptosis (TUNNEL assay). Histomorphometric measurements were done by image analysis. The current study demonstrated detailed histological, immunohistochemical and histomorphometric differences across developmental ages examined. The study also showed that noise stress induced several histopathological changes of testicular tissue, increased number of apoptotic germ cells, and decreased size and number of seminiferous tubules in prenatal and pre-pubertal groups. In Conclusion, the study demonstrated detailed histological features of early rat testicular development. Also, revealed that noise stress induced damage to rat testicular tissue at the three examined ages. Current findings support the notion that noise may adversely affect reproduction and fertility of exposed-males.Recommendations: Noise as a form of stress is not well investigated. People should be aware of the hazards of exposure to high intensity sounds especially young age and pregnant females to ensure them a future healthy reproductive life.

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“…In all vertebrates, including fish, cortisol plays a key role Hluboká Brno Boheľov (0 hours) (7 hours) (12.5 hours) Mean ± 1.00*SE ± 1.96*SE B Figure 3. Effect of transportation on plasma AST activity in common carp; groups with different superscripts differ significantly at P < 0.01 (ANOVA) in the restoration of homeostasis during and/or after stress (Goos and Consten, 2002). However, quantifying stressful conditions proved difficult with many authors reporting a transient increase in plasma cortisol levels during stress, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sci., 54, 2009 (11): 510-518 in the restoration of homeostasis during and/or after stress (Goos and Consten, 2002). However, quantifying stressful conditions proved difficult with many authors reporting a transient increase in plasma cortisol levels during stress, e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of transport on biochemical and haematological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Dobšíková¹,

Svobodová²,

Blahová³

et al. 2009

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The effect of 12 h transport on the biochemical and haematological profiles of three-years-old common carp was investigated. There was a significant increase (P < 0.01) in ammonia, chloride, phosphorus, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase, and a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in total proteins. The levels of glucose (P < 0.01), lactate (P < 0.05), alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.01) and calcium (P < 0.01) were also significantly changed, but no time-dependent relationships were found. Significant increases in haematocrit (P < 0.01) and metamyelocyte count (P < 0.05) were found. Mean corpuscular volume (P < 0.05) and counts of monocytes (P < 0.01), band neutrophils (P < 0.01) and segmented neutrophils (P < 0.05) were significantly changed independently of the transport duration. Since pre-transport manipulation and transport per se were found to be important stressors for three-years-old common carp, peri-transport disturbances should be minimized to ensure optimal fish welfare.Keywords: erythrocyte profile; common carp; Cyprinus carpio; leukocyte profile; plasma biochemical indices; stress response 511Czech J. Anim. Sci., 54, 2009 (11): 510-518 Original Paper of adrenalin and cortisol, followed by secondary changes in blood and tissues, such as hyperglycaemia, hyperlactaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, changes in blood plasma enzyme activities and ion concentrations, reduced glycogen content of muscle and liver, increased metabolic rate, and shifts in haematological profiles and immunological capacity (Stave and Robertson, 1985; Staurnes et al.1994).The acute primary physiological response of fish to netting, handling and transport returns to normal levels within 6-24 h. However, physiological recovery may take 10-14 days if the stressors persist and are not lethal (Schreck et al., 1997). Stress and physical activity during transport usually lead to the loss of product quality, such as reducing fish freshness, softening muscle texture, and lowering filet yield. Exposure to stress can have an impact on the economics of fish aquaculture (Nakayama et al., 1994).The aim of this study was to assess a transport stress response, i.e. the effect of pre-transport manipulation procedures and long-distance transport per se, to some biochemical and haematological indices of three-years-old common carp, Cyprinus carpio (L). Transport water quality was also monitored. MATERIAL AND METHODSThe experiment was carried out on common carp transported from storage ponds of the commercial fish farm in Hluboká nad Vltavou (Czech Republic) via Brno (Czech Republic) to a fish pond in Boheľov (Slovakia). Fish were transported in 2.2 m 3 transport tanks (AGK Kronawitter GmbH, Germany), at a density of 364 kg body weight per m 3 .Duration of transport was 12.5 h, comprising 7 h from Hluboká nad Vltavou to Brno and 5.5 h from Brno to Boheľov. Tanks were continuously oxygenated during transport. In Boheľov, the carp were released from the tanks through a hose into a fish pond. Throughout the experim...

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Stress adaptation, cortisol and pubertal development in the male common carp, Cyprinus carpio

Cited by 56 publications

References 62 publications

Social cues in the expression of sequential alternative reproductive tactics in young males of the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo

Social cues in the expression of sequential alternative reproductive tactics in young males of the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo

Developmental Characteristics of Rat Testicular Tissue and the Impact of Chronic Noise Stress Exposure in the Prenatal and Postnatal Periods

The effect of transport on biochemical and haematological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

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