Striding the threshold of photocatalytic <i>lignin-first</i> biorefining <i>via</i> a bottom-up approach: from model compounds to realistic lignin

Xu, Jikun; Zhou, Pengfei; Zhang, Chuntao; Li, Yuan; Xiao, Xiao; Dai, Lin; Huo, Kaifu

doi:10.1039/d2gc01409b

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Other critical reviews were published in 2020 focused on developments in the lignin-first approach [18,35,44,53,54], in 2021 [7,38] and in 2022 [45,55]. One of them emphasizes the fundamental catalytic reactions of the extraction and depolymerization of lignin and posterior stabilization of the phenolic units; the authors also present a brief overview of the possible modifications of the lignin-derived phenols and monolignols, focused on added-value chemicals, polymers, and other developments [53].…”

Section: Lignin Depolymerization By Acid Hydrolysis: (A) Hydrolysis A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin as Feedstock for Nanoparticles Production

Lourenço¹,

Gominho²

2023

Lignin - Chemistry, Structure, and Application

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Lignin is an interesting natural polymer with characteristics that contribute for the development and growth of plants. Lignin presents high variability associated with the diversity of plants, which presents great challenges for its recovery after delignification (technical lignin), because lignin is prone to irreversible degradation, producing recalcitrant condensed structures that are difficult to disassemble afterward. Although researchers have made efforts to obtain lignin in high yields and with good characteristics for specific uses, this is not an easy task. The mind-set has changed and new biorefinery concepts are emerging, where lignin is the primary goal to achieve, and the so-called lignin-first approach has arisen. Lignin can be obtained firstly to prevent structural degradations, enabling an efficient and highly selectivity of the lignin monomers. Therefore, this concept places lignin and its valorization at the head of the biorefinery. However, lignin valorization is still a challenge, and to overcome this, lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) production presents a good way to achieve this goal. This chapter presents a resume of the several techniques to attain lignin, how to produce LNPs, and their possible applications (from pharmaceutical to the automobile and polymer industries).

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Section: Lignin Depolymerization By Acid Hydrolysis: (A) Hydrolysis A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin as Feedstock for Nanoparticles Production

Lourenço¹,

Gominho²

2023

Lignin - Chemistry, Structure, and Application

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“…Herein, the Atom-Sized Elements are Shadowed by Self-Assembly Resulting in the Formation of Nanomaterials [ 46 ]. During this process, the fundamental unit of a more prominent factor is the self-possessed nanomaterials.…”

Section: Nanomaterials Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements in Nanobiosensors: Current Trends, Challenges, Applications, and Future Scope

Kulkarni¹,

Ayachit

Aminabhavi

2022

Biosensors

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In recent years, there has been immense advancement in the development of nanobiosensors as these are a fundamental need of the hour that act as a potential candidate integrated with point-of-care-testing for several applications, such as healthcare, the environment, energy harvesting, electronics, and the food industry. Nanomaterials have an important part in efficiently sensing bioreceptors such as cells, enzymes, and antibodies to develop biosensors with high selectivity, peculiarity, and sensibility. It is virtually impossible in science and technology to perform any application without nanomaterials. Nanomaterials are distinguished from fine particles used for numerous applications as a result of being unique in properties such as electrical, thermal, chemical, optical, mechanical, and physical. The combination of nanostructured materials and biosensors is generally known as nanobiosensor technology. These miniaturized nanobiosensors are revolutionizing the healthcare domain for sensing, monitoring, and diagnosing pathogens, viruses, and bacteria. However, the conventional approach is time-consuming, expensive, laborious, and requires sophisticated instruments with skilled operators. Further, automating and integrating is quite a challenging process. Thus, there is a considerable demand for the development of nanobiosensors that can be used along with the POCT module for testing real samples. Additionally, with the advent of nano/biotechnology and the impact on designing portable ultrasensitive devices, it can be stated that it is probably one of the most capable ways of overcoming the aforementioned problems concerning the cumulative requirement for the development of a rapid, economical, and highly sensible device for analyzing applications within biomedical diagnostics, energy harvesting, the environment, food and water, agriculture, and the pharmaceutical industry.

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“…Nowadays, despite the term protolignin falling into disuse among lignin chemists (it is preferably referred to as native lignin" or "in situ lignin"), it is not unusual to find it being mentioned in recent articles. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Technical lignin can be more confusing. The conservative definition supported by many lignin chemists takes the technical lignin as a byproduct of the pulping industry.…”

Section: Lignin Protolignin and Technical Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new linear model was hypothesised, according to the best knowledge of lignification theory, and 2D NMR analysis 72 corroborated Crestini's findings. Nevertheless, more recently, the modern linear conformation disclosure was questioned with a critical evaluation with four independent analytical methods (CuO-permanganate oxidation, thioacidolysis followed by 31 P-NMR, derivatisation followed by reductive cleavage followed by 31 P-NMR, 13 C-NMR reduced with NaBH 4 method) along with molar mass determinations. 73 Balakshin et al 73 used the same source as Crestini et al, 63 namely spruce (MWL), but the conclusions were somewhat different: native lignin suggests being more branched and crosslinked than supposed.…”

Section: Branched or Linear Structure?mentioning

confidence: 99%