Strike-slip faulting as a trigger mechanism for overpressure release through piercement structures. Implications for the Lusi mud volcano, Indonesia

Mazzini, Adriano; Nermoen, Anders; Krotkiewski, Marcin; Podladchikov, Y. Y.; Planke, Sverre; Svensen, Henrik

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.03.001

Cited by 148 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We see that there is a rather scattered (due to randomness in the initial bead configuration from experiment to experiment), but increasing trend in x f for increasing P in , but also that the final channel length for the highest injection pressures is limited by the closed outer boundary. The fit (P in − P cat,1 ) 0.68 was found from the averaged x f per pressure for P in ∈ [20,150] kPa and suggest a powerlaw relationship. Alternatively, the linear fit 0.46 · (P in − P cat,1 ) fits equally well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…For example, the Lusi mud volcano in Indonesia is the biggest and most damaging mud volcano in the world [18], having displaced 40 000 people from their homes, and has been active since May 2006. There is an ongoing debate about how it was triggered, i.e., whether it formed naturally by an earthquake or geothermal process [19][20][21][22], or if it is a manmade consequence of a nearby drilling operation by a company probing for natural gas [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pneumatic fractures in confined granular media

et al. 2017

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We perform experiments where air is injected at a constant overpressure P in , ranging from 5 to 250 kPa, into a dry granular medium confined within a horizontal linear Hele-Shaw cell. The setup allows us to explore compacted configurations by preventing decompaction at the outer boundary, i.e., the cell outlet has a semipermeable filter such that beads are stopped while air can pass. We study the emerging patterns and dynamic growth of channels in the granular media due to fluid flow, by analyzing images captured with a high speed camera (1000 images/s). We identify four qualitatively different flow regimes, depending on the imposed overpressure, ranging from no channel formation for P in below 10 kPa, to large thick channels formed by erosion and fingers merging for high P in around 200 kPa. The flow regimes where channels form are characterized by typical finger thickness, final depth into the medium, and growth dynamics. The shape of the finger tips during growth is studied by looking at the finger width w as function of distance d from the tip. The tip profile is found to follow w(d) ∝ d β , where β = 0.68 is a typical value for all experiments, also over time. This indicates a singularity in the curvaturee., more rounded tips rather than pointy cusps, as they would be for the case β > 1. For increasing P in , the channels generally grow faster and deeper into the medium. We show that the channel length along the flow direction has a linear growth with time initially, followed by a power-law decay of growth velocity with time as the channel approaches its final length. A closer look reveals that the initial growth velocity v 0 is found to scale with injection pressure as v 0 ∝ P 3 2 in , while at a critical time t c there is a cross-over to the behavior v(t) ∝ t −α , where α is close to 2.5 for all experiments. Finally, we explore the fractal dimension of the fully developed patterns. For example, for patterns resulting from intermediate P in around 100-150 kPa, we find that the box-counting dimensions lie within the range D B ∈ [1.53,1.62], similar to viscous fingering fractals in porous media.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumatic fractures in confined granular media

et al. 2017

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“…An example of a magmatic province that was likely developed during a period of extension or strike-slip faulting are the Sierra Nevada Batholiths, California, which are thought to have formed as soon as compression ceased (Tikoff and Greene, 1997). In addition, Mazzini et al (2009) show that strike-slip faulting may favour the development of piercement structures and faulting as a mechanism for seismic pumping of deeply trapped fluids has been proposed by Sibson et al (1975), and contributed to explain aftershock sequences in the Italian Apennines (Miller et al, 2004), or the emplacement of ore deposits (Cox and Ruming, 2004).…”

Section: Supporting Argumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-lived tectonic switch mechanism for long-term pulses of volcanic activity after mega-thrust earthquakes

Lupi

Miller

2014

Solid Earth

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Abstract. Eruptive rates in volcanic arcs increase significantly after subduction mega-thrust earthquakes. Over short to intermediate time periods the link between mega-thrust earthquakes and arc response can be attributed to dynamic triggering processes or static stress changes, but a fundamental mechanism that controls long-term pulses of volcanic activity after mega-thrust earthquakes has not been proposed yet.Using geomechanical, geological, and geophysical arguments, we propose that increased eruption rates over longer timescales are due to the relaxation of the compressional regime that accompanies mega-thrust subduction zone earthquakes. More specifically, the reduction of the horizontal stress σ h promotes the occurrence of short-lived strike-slip kinematics rather than reverse faulting in the volcanic arc. The relaxation of the pre-earthquake compressional regime facilitates magma mobilisation by providing a short-circuit pathway to shallow depths by significantly increasing the hydraulic properties of the system. The timescale for the onset of strike-slip faulting depends on the degree of shear stress accumulated in the arc during inter-seismic periods, which in turn is connected to the degree of strain-partitioning at convergent margins.We performed Coulomb stress transfer analysis to determine the order of magnitude of the stress perturbations in present-day volcanic arcs in response to five recent megathrust earthquakes; the 2005 M8.6, 2007 M8.5, and 2007 M7.9 Sumatra earthquakes; the 2010 M8.8 Maule, Chile earthquake; and the 2011 M9.0 Tohoku, Japan earthquake. We find that all but one the shallow earthquakes that occurred in the arcs of Sumatra, Chile and Japan show a marked lateral component. We suggests that the long-term response of volcanic arcs to subduction zone mega-thrust earthquakes will be manifested as predominantly strike-slip seismic events, and that these future earthquakes may be followed closely by indications of rising magma to shallower depths, e.g. surface inflation and seismic swarms.

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“…Although most of them are normally in a dormant stage, their dormant stage activities are characterized by vigorous seepage of water, gas and petroleum, and many various observations have been carried out in order to elucidate their origins and/or processes (e.g. Deville and Guerlais 2009;Mazzini et al 2009a;Rudolph and Manga 2010;Antonielli et al 2014;Kusumoto et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical movements of the Murono mud volcano in Japan caused by the Naganoken Kamishiro Fault Earthquake in 2014

2015

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We observed vertical movements of the Murono mud volcano, Niigata, Japan, caused by the Naganoken Kamishiro Fault Earthquake (M = 6.7) on 22 November 2014. Precise levelling around the mud volcano was carried out on 27 November 2014, and the obtained elevation was compared with the data obtained for 11 November 2014. It was found that an elliptical uplift area, about 46 mm in magnitude and an order of magnitude smaller than that of the ones formed due to the past movements caused by the earthquakes in the same area, had been formed. It was considered that the structures of the shallow subsurface as well as the distance between the mud volcano and epicentre might play an important role in understanding the magnitude of vertical movements and distribution patterns.

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Strike-slip faulting as a trigger mechanism for overpressure release through piercement structures. Implications for the Lusi mud volcano, Indonesia

Cited by 148 publications

References 40 publications

Pneumatic fractures in confined granular media

Pneumatic fractures in confined granular media

Short-lived tectonic switch mechanism for long-term pulses of volcanic activity after mega-thrust earthquakes

Vertical movements of the Murono mud volcano in Japan caused by the Naganoken Kamishiro Fault Earthquake in 2014

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