Structural analysis and mapping of agroforestry systems under irrigated ecosystem in north-eastern part of Karnataka, India

Energy Efficiency and Economical Benefits of Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] – Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) Based agroforestry System under Rainfed Condition in North-Eastern Karnataka

“…Thus, agroforestry system found to influence farm economics and in the present study it is the distance of agricultural crops from the tree line matter much than the direction from the tree line or orientation of tree line. Similarly, many earlier workers reported the benefits of agroforestry system economically and for the ecosystem service benefits including the traditional systems (Doddabasawa et al, 2017).…”

“…Traditionally most preferred agroforestry system practiced by the farmers under rainfed ecosystem is scattered planting which is also called as parkland system. Farmers also prefer the trees on the bunds and farm boundaries with varying density of 15 to 40 trees per hectare in the study area (Doddabasawa et al, 2017). Among different species, neem (Azadirachta indica), a multipurpose tree species, prominently found in semi-arid regions, is deliberately retained by farmers on bunds and boundaries of farm land in order to get multiple benefits including indirect benefits like shade and stabilizing bunds.…”

Agroforestry Suitability for Planning Site-Specific Interventions Using Machine Learning Approaches

“…Similarly, the soil and topography are found to be uniform in a smaller study site. Doddabasawa et al [69] assessed the agroforestry interventions in the six districts of Karnataka, India, and reported six agroforestry systems, wherein bund plantation was reported as the dominant system (43.06%), followed by boundary plantation (19.44%) practiced in this region. They reported the farmer's preference for bund and boundary plantation over other interventions.…”