Structural and Functional Roles of FSH and LH as Glycoproteins Regulating Reproduction in Mammalian Species

Mullen, Michael P.; Cooke, D. J.; Crow, Mark A.

doi:10.5772/48681

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…The glycoprotein hormone family in mammals has four closely related entities, chorionic gonadotropin (CG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). CG is mainly produced by placenta while LH, FSH, and TSH are mainly produced by pituitary cells (26). Each glycoprotein hormone consists of one a-subunit and one b-subunit that are non-covalently associated (27).…”

Section: The Glycoprotein Hormone Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The a-subunits of all four hormones are identical (28); a free unbound a-subunit does not have any known independent biological function (29,30). The b-subunit of the four hormones give biological specificity to each hormone (31)and share some homology in their amino acid sequences (26); CG and LH both bind to the same receptor known as the luteinizing hormone chorionic gonadotropin (LHCG) receptor. FSH binds to FSH receptor and TSH binds to TSH receptor (28,32,33).…”

Section: The Glycoprotein Hormone Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2A shows that the lengths of the b-subunits vary. Also note that human CG and equine CG each have a unique Cterminal addition that makes them the largest molecules in the family (26,35) (See Figures 2A, B).…”

Section: The Glycoprotein Hormone Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Related Peptides: Candidate Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Early Stages of Sepsis

et al. 2021

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Sepsis continues to be a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and post-recovery disability in patients with a wide range of non-infectious and infectious inflammatory disorders, including COVID-19. The clinical onset of sepsis is often marked by the explosive release into the extracellular fluids of a multiplicity of host-derived cytokines and other pro-inflammatory hormone-like messengers from endogenous sources (“cytokine storm”). In patients with sepsis, therapies to counter the pro-inflammatory torrent, even when administered early, typically fall short. The major focus of our proposed essay is to promote pre-clinical studies with hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) as a potential anti-inflammatory therapy for sepsis.

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Section: The Glycoprotein Hormone Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Glycoprotein Hormone Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Related Peptides: Candidate Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Early Stages of Sepsis

et al. 2021

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“…1992). The gonadotropins, a family of closely related glycoprotein hormones, include follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are produced by the same pituitary cells, the gonadotrophs and chorionic gonadotropin (CG), which is of placental origin (Mullen et al, 2013). The information on the mutagenic effects of these drugs is very limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The determination of possible genetic damage to women undergoing in vitro fertilization due to infertility caused by the male factor

Özden

Yüzbaşıoğlu

Ünal

et al. 2014

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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“…In bovine FSH (bFSH), the α‐ and β‐subunits have five and six disulphide bonds, respectively (Mullen et al., 2013 ). Both subunits contain two N‐glycosylation sites; these modifications influence the folding, assembly, secretion, and biological activity of the hormone (Bousfield & Harvey, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and functional characterization of chimeric recombinant bovine follicle‐stimulating hormone produced in Leishmania tarentolae

Abreu,

Grunberg,

Bonilla

et al. 2024

Microbial Biotechnology

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Assisted reproductive techniques are routinely used in livestock species to increase and enhance productivity. Ovarian hyperstimulation is a process that currently relies on administering pituitary‐derived follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) or equine chorionic gonadotropin in combination with other hormones to promote the maturation of multiple follicles and thereby achieve superovulation. The use of partially purified preparations of FSH extracted from natural sources is associated with suboptimal and variable results. Recombinant FSH (rFSH) has been produced in a variety of heterologous organisms. However, attaining a bioactive rFSH of high quality and at low cost for use in livestock remains challenging. Here we report the production and characterization of a single chain bovine rFSH consisting of the β‐ and α‐subunit fused by a polypeptide linker (scbFSH) using Leishmania tarentolae as heterologous expression system. This unicellular eukaryote is non‐pathogenic to mammals, can be grown in bioreactors using simple and inexpensive semisynthetic media at 26°C and does not require CO2 or bovine serum supplementation. Stable cell lines expressing scbFSH in an inducible fashion were generated and characterized for their productivity. Different culture conditions and purification procedures were evaluated, and the recombinant product was biochemically and biologically characterized, including bioassays in an animal model. The results demonstrate that L. tarentolae is a suitable host for producing a homogeneous, glycosylated and biologically active form of scbFSH with a reasonable yield.

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Structural and Functional Roles of FSH and LH as Glycoproteins Regulating Reproduction in Mammalian Species

Cited by 9 publications

References 107 publications

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Related Peptides: Candidate Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Early Stages of Sepsis

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Related Peptides: Candidate Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Early Stages of Sepsis

The determination of possible genetic damage to women undergoing in vitro fertilization due to infertility caused by the male factor

Expression and functional characterization of chimeric recombinant bovine follicle‐stimulating hormone produced in Leishmania tarentolae

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