In recent years, a new class of porous materials based on a combination of organic components and metal centers has emerged, namely, microporous coordination polymers (MCPs), in which the chemical properties as well as the pore dimensions affect the incorporation of “guest” molecules within the pores. In this article, we describe the ability of MCPs to store gas molecules, which is ascribed to framework regularity and high porosity, and the unique capacity of certain MCPs to capture molecules selectively by well-defined interactions with organic functional groups.