“…On the other hand, the photocatalytic activity is related with the size, shape, surface area, morphology, and the dimensionality of the catalysts [16]. Many studies show that three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical nano/ micro architectures assembly of one dimension (1D) nanowires are highly desired due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, high organic pollutant adsorption, and excellent incident light scattering within the structures [17,18]. Nevertheless, monodispersed synthesis of the well aligned 3D rutile TiO 2 nano/micro architectures is difficult due to the ripening and agglomeration processes [18,19].…”