Structural and optical properties of CdS thin films grown by chemical bath deposition

Moualkia, H.; Hariech, S.; Aida, M.S.

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2009.04.067

Cited by 169 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In CdS (CSS) strong and high peak was H(002) for two samples and it was C(111) for third sample. It was very difficult to elucidate for (c) sample as hexagonal or cubic structure, because difference in position of peak was very small upto (0.021 o ) as reported [26][27]. Height of peak/ intensity was 4000, 2500, and 1000 counts at 2θ value of (26.705, 26.8218 and 26.5638) degree, other peaks were H(002), H(103) and C(220) which proved the polycrystalline behavior of CdS thin films.…”

Section: Structural Analysis Of Cds (Cbd) and Cds (Css)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative Study of CdS Nano Films Deposited by Chemical Bath and Close Spaced Sublimation Techniques

Rabeel¹,

Abbas²,

Basit³

et al. 2017

JAN

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Abstract. Thin films of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) are deposited on microscope glass slides by two techniques, chemical bath deposition (CBD) and close spaced sublimation (CSS). Cadmium Sulfide thin films fabricated by both procedures are characterized by spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Optical analysis of CdS thin films shows changes in transmittance, refractive Index and energy band gap by using two different techniques. XRD and SEM results show CdS thin film samples with better crystalline structure for close spaced sublimation technique and grain size is also found different for these two methods. CdS thin films fabricated by any of these two methods are good window layers with small thickness and suitable for CdTe/CdS/ITO based solar cells.

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Section: Structural Analysis Of Cds (Cbd) and Cds (Css)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative Study of CdS Nano Films Deposited by Chemical Bath and Close Spaced Sublimation Techniques

Rabeel¹,

Abbas²,

Basit³

et al. 2017

JAN

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“…A (CE595 Double Beam Digital U.V spectrophotometer, CECIL instrument) was used to record the optical transmission for CdS films. from which the absorption coefficient (α) calculated [12]: (7) where d is the film thickness, and T is the transmission.…”

Section: Optical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Optical and Structural Properties of Chemically Deposited CdS Thin Films

Mohammed

Abduol

Mousa

2014

ILCPA

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Polycrystalline Cadmium sulfide (CdS) films were deposited onto Corning glass substrates from alkaline solutions containing CdCl 2 , KOH, Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 and CS(NH 2 ) 2 at different deposition times (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 min), different bath temperatures and different concentration of the reactants. A comparative study was performed out on thin film via optical transmission and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements which reveal that the deposition time has a profound influence on the growth rate and band gap of the deposited layers. Diffraction data are used to evaluate the lattice parameter, grain size, average strain, number of crystallites per unit area and dislocation density in the film are calculated.

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“…However, several authors have reported explicitly or implicitly that the lower the reaction temperature the lower the thin film growth rate [12,15,20,21,23,28,34,35,54,[77][78][79][80][81]84,87,90,[103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121]. Thus, without delving into the cases in which homogeneous precipitation is favored, which limits the maximum d-a limit which was directly reported [12,15,21] or simply evident in the results reported [115,118,120] by some authors-the use of low temperatures lengthens the time required to achieve a thin film with determined d compared to the time required at higher temperatures.…”

Section: Selection Of a Convenient Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed Analysis of Five Aspects Addressed to Minimize Costs and Waste in the Chemical Bath Deposition of CdS Films Using the CdB–AC6H5O7–AOH–(NH2)2CS System

García-Valenzuela¹,

Castelo-González²,

Baez-Gaxiola³

et al. 2013

MSA

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Five studies were conducted in order to produce less waste and economize the application of a CdCl 2 -Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 -KOH-H 3 BO 3 /NaOH/KCl-(NH 2 ) 2 CS definite aqueous system in the chemical bath deposition of CdS thin films, as well as to generate supporting information helpful to explain the effects of varying certain parameters established for the use of this formulation. These studies are related to the utility of the pH 10 borate buffer, to the selection of the appropriate OH -concentration, commercial alkali, and reaction temperature, and to the reusing of the residual solution. These studies were conducted by means of optical characterization, pH measurements, energy consumption tests, and chemical analysis; and all possible implications were analyzed in detail and widely supported by the literature. It is observed that the addition of 5.0 mL of pH 10 borate buffer in the reaction solutions only causes a slight reduction in the pH value and, therefore, in the thickness of the resulted films. It is observed that a decrease in CdCl 2 concentration causes an increase in the pH values, and when such reagent concentration is varied it is necessary to determine the pH value at which the best CdS films can be obtained; this indicates the existence of an optimum pH of deposition, depending on the used reagent concentrations. It is demonstrated that the use of KOH and NaOH is interchangeable, and the advantages of NaOH are evaluated in the context of hygroscopicity, CO 2 absorption, purity, and price. It is observed that the energy consumption when depositing a determined film is lower at high temperatures, and it is concluded that the time and energy savings at high temperatures are undoubtedly advantages in the deposition process of CdS thin films. A formulation to recycle the residual solution is presented, which is very important for the reducing of residual volume, and, therefore, in the minimizing of the environmental impact. An indirect objective of this work is to generate interest in identifying those points that could be modified in other chemical formulations to minimize costs and waste.

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Structural and optical properties of CdS thin films grown by chemical bath deposition

Cited by 169 publications

References 19 publications

Comparative Study of CdS Nano Films Deposited by Chemical Bath and Close Spaced Sublimation Techniques

Comparative Study of CdS Nano Films Deposited by Chemical Bath and Close Spaced Sublimation Techniques

Correlation between Optical and Structural Properties of Chemically Deposited CdS Thin Films

Detailed Analysis of Five Aspects Addressed to Minimize Costs and Waste in the Chemical Bath Deposition of CdS Films Using the Cd<i>B</i>–<i>A</i>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>–<i>A</i>OH–(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CS System

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