Structural Changes in Hemp Fibers as a Result of Enzymatic Hydrolysis with Mixed Enzyme Systems

Abstract

Hemp fabric is hydrolyzed with cellulase, hemicellulase/cellulase, and cellulase plus additional β-glucosidase. The effect of the admixture of hemicellulase and β-glucosi dase is evaluated in terms of hydrolysis rate and product properties. The influence of mechanical action during the treatment is also taken into account. Treated samples are characterized by weight loss per incubation time, tensile strength, crystallinity, acces sibility, and pore structure. The admixture of hemicellulase and,β-glucosidase produces only minor effects without mechanical action on the hydrolysis rate, but mechanical action applied during the treatment dramatically increases weight loss. While crystal linity changes upon hydrolysis are insignificant, the pore structure is strongly influenced by the choice of enzyme system. Hemicellulase seems to promote the formation of smaller pores, while cellobiase forms larger pores.

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“…Similar findings on the bioscouring of hemp have been reported 16 : pectinase smoothed the fibre surface, removed pectin, and increased the surface area as well as the pore size. However, it also appreciably decreased the tensile strength when the incubation time was more than 5 h. The cellulase-catalysed hydrolysis reaction removes readily accessible surface fibrils yielding yarns more compliant in bending 5 ; the friction between fibres is altered due to the smoother fibre surface. For short treatment times, only the early stage of hydrolysis occurs and the tensile strength remains mostly unaffected.…”

“…We planned the investigation of the use of enzymes in the hope that they would offer an acceptable alternative to metal salts with the advantages of being biodegradable and effective at low temperatures and with small quantities of added chemicals. It was found that enzymatic treatments www.scienceasia.org 5 , about which further investigation may shed some light.…”

“…Pectinase, however, improves the water absorbency more than either lipase or protease 4 . Cellulase, via a hydrolysis reaction, removes the readily accessible surface fibrils yielding a softer fabric hand 5 . The short duration of the treatment and the low concentration of cellulase, leave the tensile properties almost unaffected.…”

Influence of agro-cellulose fibre based yarn structure on subsequent textile transformation and end-use properties

“…Dodatnim kardiranjem postiže se smanjenje finoće vlakana za oko 63 % i dužine za 87 %. Enzimski modifikovana vlakna konoplje odlikuju se povećanim sadržajem celuloze, uz smanjenje sadržaja pratećih supstanci i to hemiceluloze za 28 %, pektina za 98 % i lignina za 23 %, čime se postiže njihova dobra ispredivost na mašinama za predenja pamuka i vune [31,38]. Ipak, treba reći da se radi o skupom i zahtevnom postupku modifikovanja vlakana.…”

Influence of different factors of physico-chemical modification on structure and properties of hemp fibers

“…Usled sve strožijih ekoloških propisa, upotreba enzima u tekstilnoj industriji u poslednje vreme sve više dobija na značaju. Enzimi se u oblasti modifikovanja vlakana konoplje, koriste kao sredstva za bio-oplemenjivanje [185][186][187]. U okviru biohemijskih postupaka [189].…”