Structural changes in the hippocampus as a biomarker for cognitive improvements in neuropsychiatric disorders: A systematic review

Ott, Caroline V.; Johnson, Claire Bergstrom; Macoveanu, Julian

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.01.105

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…42 The hippocampal volume increase induced by interventions such as physical exercise, lithium, or erythropoietin has been shown to correlate positively with cognitive improvement in patients with depression. 43 This is in contrast to our findings of the negative associations. An explanation could be that ECT is a more potent stimulator of neurogenesis than the three mentioned interventions.…”

Section: Neuroplasticitycontrasting

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal volume and memory impairment after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression

Gbyl

Støttrup

Raghava

et al. 2021

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Objective: Patients hesitate to consent to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) because of the fear of memory impairment. The mechanisms underlying this impairment are unclear, but several observations suggest hippocampal alterations may be involved. We investigated whether ECT-induced change in hippocampal volume correlates with memory impairment. Methods: Using a 3 T MRI scanner, we acquired brain images and assessed cognitive performance in 22 severely depressed patients at three time points: (1) before ECT series, (2) within one week after the series, and (3) at six-month follow-up. The hippocampus was segmented into subregions using FreeSurfer. The dentate gyri (DG) were the primary regions of interest (ROIs) and major hippocampal subregions secondary ROIs. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry and verbal memory using the Verbal Learning subtest. The linear mixed model and the repeated-measures correlation were used for statistical analyses. Results: ECT induced an increase in the right and left DG volume with co-occurring worsening in verbal memory, and these changes were within-patients negatively correlated (right DG, r rm = −0.85, df = 18, p = 0.0000002; left DG, r rm = −0.58, df = 18, p = 0.008). At a six-month follow-up, the volume of both DG decreased with a co-occurring improvement in verbal memory, and these changes were negatively correlated in the right DG (r rm = −0.64, df = 15, p = 0.005). Volume increases in 14 secondary ROIs were also negatively correlated with memory impairment. Conclusion: ECT-related transient increases in the volume of major hippocampal subregions within-patients are associated with memory impairment. Hippocampal alterations following ECT should be the focus in searching for causes of the cognitive side effects.

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Section: Neuroplasticitycontrasting

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal volume and memory impairment after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression

Gbyl

Støttrup

Raghava

et al. 2021

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…27 Con versely, there is consistent evidence for an association between hippocampal volume increase and cognitive im provements across affective and psychotic disorders follow ing treatment with EPO, lithium or aerobic exercise. 28 In particular, we have found that EPOassociated improve ment of verbal learning in patients with mood disorders was accompanied by -and correlated with -increased subregional left hippocampus volume. 29 Hippocampal vol ume change may thus be a common biomarker of cognitive impairment and cognitive improvement in mood disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Impact of pretreatment interhemispheric hippocampal asymmetry on improvement in verbal learning following erythropoietin treatment in mood disorders: a randomized controlled trial

Miskowiak

Forman

Vinberg

et al. 2020

jpn

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“…Regional CBF is strongly associated with brain volume change and has a complex bidirectional relationship (Appelman et al, 2008; Zonneveld et al, 2015). Since acute CBD may increase hippocampal CBF, further studies are required to investigate whether CBD can attenuate the hippocampal structural alterations, including atrophy, and hippocampal-dependent memory impairments associated with these disorders (Ott et al, 2019). This notion is supported by findings that CBD can rescue hippocampal atrophy (Beale et al, 2018) and improve episodic memory performance (Englund et al, 2013) in chronic cannabis users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of acute cannabidiol on cerebral blood flow and its relationship to memory: An arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance imaging study

et al. 2020

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Background: Cannabidiol (CBD) is being investigated as a potential treatment for several medical indications, many of which are characterised by altered memory processing. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are unclear. Aims: Our primary aim was to investigate how CBD influences cerebral blood flow (CBF) in regions involved in memory processing. Our secondary aim was to determine if the effects of CBD on CBF were associated with differences in working and episodic memory task performance. Methods: We used a randomised, crossover, double-blind design in which 15 healthy participants were administered 600 mg oral CBD or placebo on separate days. We measured regional CBF at rest using arterial spin labelling 3 h after drug ingestion. We assessed working memory with the digit span (forward, backward) and n-back (0-back, 1-back, 2-back) tasks, and we used a prose recall task (immediate and delayed) to assess episodic memory. Results: CBD increased CBF in the hippocampus (mean (95% confidence intervals) = 15.00 (5.78–24.21) mL/100 g/min, t14 = 3.489, Cohen’s d = 0.75, p = 0.004). There were no differences in memory task performance, but there was a significant correlation whereby greater CBD-induced increases in orbitofrontal CBF were associated with reduced reaction time on the 2-back working memory task ( r= −0.73, p = 0.005). Conclusions: These findings suggest that CBD increases CBF to key regions involved in memory processing, particularly the hippocampus. These results identify potential mechanisms of CBD for a range of conditions associated with altered memory processing, including Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder and cannabis-use disorders.

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Structural changes in the hippocampus as a biomarker for cognitive improvements in neuropsychiatric disorders: A systematic review

Cited by 37 publications

References 60 publications

Hippocampal volume and memory impairment after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression

Hippocampal volume and memory impairment after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression

Impact of pretreatment interhemispheric hippocampal asymmetry on improvement in verbal learning following erythropoietin treatment in mood disorders: a randomized controlled trial

The effects of acute cannabidiol on cerebral blood flow and its relationship to memory: An arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance imaging study

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