Structural characterization of ion-implanted graphite

Optical and Bioelectrochemical Characterization of Water‐Miscible Ionic Liquids Based Composites of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

“…Considering the fact that the intensity of D band depends on the laser excitation wavelength, all the Raman measurements must be carried out at a fixed laser wavelength for a direct comparison between them. The respective intensity ratio, R(l), was determined by using the following equation [34]:…”

Ion irradiation of astrophysical ices

“…solids (e.g., Elman et al 1982;Strazzulla and Baratta 1992;Baratta et al 1996;Kalish et al 1999;Strazzulla et al 2001;Costantini et al 2002;Ferini et al 2004). …”

Surface modification of solids

“…Ion beam modifications have included optical properties, 8 Ion beam mixing has been used to increase adherence of metal films to insulators'*'"'' 9 and to alter the structural and conducting properties of polymers. 50 The potential for alteration of the surface mechanical properties of AI2O3 by ion Not only can the surface hardness be increased by implantation, as shown in Fig. 10, but the fracture toughness can be increased ~20%.…”