Structural engineering of catalysts for ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate: recent advances and challenges

Qiu, Wenxi; Liu, Yuanting; Xie, Minghao; Jin, Zhaoyu; Li, Panpan; Yu, Guihua

doi:10.1039/d3ey00184a

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…This improves the process’s energy efficiency, which is important for industrial applications. The sustainability of the process is equally enhanced while reducing its environmental impact. , This probably inspired the work of some researchers who assembled a perovskite (LaFeO 3 ) on hydrothermal carbonation carbon (HTCC) to obtain a nanostructured photocatalyst that was used for the reduction of nitrate to ammonia . The two-dimensional HTCC nanosheet has several surface functional groups and a substantial specific surface area.…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Reduction Of Nitrates By Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perovskite Oxides: Syntheses and Perspectives on Their Application for Nitrate Reduction

Bayode,

Ore,

Nnamani

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Over the decades, the rise in nitrate levels in the ecosystem has posed a serious threat to the continuous existence of humans, fauna, and flora. The deleterious effects of increasing levels of nitrates in the ecosystem have led to adverse health and environmental implications in the form of methemoglobinemia and eutrophication, respectively. Different pathways/routes for the syntheses of perovskites and their oxides were presented in this review. In recent times, electrocatalytic reduction has emerged as the most utilized technique for the conversion of nitrates into ammonia, an industrial feedstock. According to published papers, the efficiency of various perovskites and their oxides used for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate achieved a high Faradaic efficiency of 98%. Furthermore, studies published have shown that there is a need to improve the chemical stability of perovskites and their oxides during scale-up applications, as well as their scalability for industrial applications.

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Section: Electrocatalytic Reduction Of Nitrates By Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perovskite Oxides: Syntheses and Perspectives on Their Application for Nitrate Reduction

Bayode,

Ore,

Nnamani

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…This is fundamental for the development of non-metallic catalysts for NH 3 synthesis. Nonmetallic materials are incorporated to alter the structure and surface characteristics of the catalyst and introduce imperfections [45]. Defect engineering pertains to the deliberate introduction of imperfections or aberrations into the catalyst structure.…”

Section: Defect Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress Made in Non-Metallic-Doped Materials for Electrocatalytic Reduction in Ammonia Production

Quoie Jr,

Jiao,

Lászlód

et al. 2024

Materials

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The electrocatalytic production of ammonia has garnered considerable interest as a potentially sustainable technology for ammonia synthesis. Recently, non-metallic-doped materials have emerged as promising electrochemical catalysts for this purpose. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest research on non-metallic-doped materials for electrocatalytic ammonia production. Researchers have engineered a variety of materials, doped with non-metals such as nitrogen (N), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S), into different forms and structures to enhance their electrocatalytic activity and selectivity. A comparison among different non-metallic dopants reveals their distinct effects on the electrocatalytic performance for ammonia production. For instance, N-doping has shown enhanced activity owing to the introduction of nitrogen vacancies (NVs) and improved charge transfer kinetics. B-doping has demonstrated improved selectivity and stability, which is attributed to the formation of active sites and the suppression of competing reactions. P-doping has exhibited increased ammonia generation rates and Faradaic efficiencies, likely due to the modification of the electronic structure and surface properties. S-doping has shown potential for enhancing electrocatalytic performance, although further investigations are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. These comparisons provide valuable insights for researchers to conduct in-depth studies focusing on specific non-metallic dopants, exploring their unique properties, and optimizing their performance for electrocatalytic ammonia production. However, we consider it a priority to provide insight into the recent progress made in non-metal-doped materials and their potential for enabling long-term and efficient electrochemical ammonia production. Additionally, this paper discusses the synthetic procedures used to produce non-metal-doped materials and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each method. It also provides an in-depth analysis of the electrochemical performance of these materials, including their Faradaic efficiencies, ammonia yield rate, and selectivity. It examines the challenges and prospects of developing non-metallic-doped materials for electrocatalytic ammonia production and suggests future research directions.

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Enhancing Compatibility of Two‐Step Tandem Catalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia Over P‐Cu/Co(OH)₂

Yan,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) is a promising approach to realize ammonia generation and wastewater treatment. However, the transformation from NO3− to NH3 involves multiple proton‐coupled electron transfer processes and by‐products (NO2−, H2, etc.), making high ammonia selectivity a challenge. Herein, a two‐phase nanoflower P‐Cu/Co(OH)2 electrocatalyst consisting of P‐Cu clusters and P‐Co(OH)2 nanosheets is designed to match the two‐step tandem process (NO3− to NO2− and NO2− to NH3) more compatible, avoiding excessive NO2− accumulation and optimizing the whole tandem reaction. Focusing on the initial 2e− process, the inhibited *NO2 desorption on Cu sites in P‐Cu gives rise to the more appropriate NO2− released in electrolyte. Subsequently, P‐Co(OH)2 exhibits a superior capacity for trapping and transforming the desorbed NO2− during the latter 6e− process due to the thermodynamic advantage and contributions of active hydrogen. In 1 m KOH + 0.1 m NO3−, P‐Cu/Co(OH)2 leads to superior NH3 yield rate of 42.63 mg h−1 cm−2 and NH3 Faradaic efficiency of 97.04% at −0.4 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. Such a well‐matched two‐step process achieves remarkable NH3 synthesis performance from the perspective of optimizing the tandem catalytic reaction, offering a novel guideline for the design of NO3RR electrocatalysts.

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Structural engineering of catalysts for ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate: recent advances and challenges

Abstract: Ammonia (NH3) is an indispensable industrial chemical used in fertilizer production and energy carriers. However, its production through the Haber-Bosch process requires high temperature and high pressure, consuming significant energy...

Cited by 16 publications

References 169 publications

Perovskite Oxides: Syntheses and Perspectives on Their Application for Nitrate Reduction

Perovskite Oxides: Syntheses and Perspectives on Their Application for Nitrate Reduction

Progress Made in Non-Metallic-Doped Materials for Electrocatalytic Reduction in Ammonia Production

Enhancing Compatibility of Two‐Step Tandem Catalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia Over P‐Cu/Co(OH)₂

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Structural engineering of catalysts for ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate: recent advances and challenges

Abstract: Ammonia (NH3) is an indispensable industrial chemical used in fertilizer production and energy carriers. However, its production through the Haber-Bosch process requires high temperature and high pressure, consuming significant energy...

Cited by 16 publications

References 169 publications

Perovskite Oxides: Syntheses and Perspectives on Their Application for Nitrate Reduction

Perovskite Oxides: Syntheses and Perspectives on Their Application for Nitrate Reduction

Progress Made in Non-Metallic-Doped Materials for Electrocatalytic Reduction in Ammonia Production

Enhancing Compatibility of Two‐Step Tandem Catalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia Over P‐Cu/Co(OH)2

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Product

Resources

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Enhancing Compatibility of Two‐Step Tandem Catalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia Over P‐Cu/Co(OH)₂