Structural Features Required for Inhibition of Soybean Lipoxygenase-2 by Propyl Gallate

Peterman, T. Kaye; Siedow, James N.

doi:10.1104/pp.71.1.55

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These trends were much more obvious in the peroxidase assays (Figs. Consistent with this, we have demonstrated that n-propyl gallate inhibits lipoxygenase in vitro (data not shown) as previously reported by Peterman & Siedow [21]. Therefore, in the leaf protoplasts, at the time when lipoxygenase activity is rising and peroxidation is occurring, the enzymes responsible for removal of peroxides are decreasing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Role of oxidative stress in cereal protoplast recalcitrance

Cutler

Saleem

Coffey

et al. 1989

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Cereal leaf protoplasts are often extremely unstable in culture and usually lyse within 24 hours. Using the thiobarbituric acid test and the ferrous thiocyanate test we have shown that corn (Zea mays L. cv. Market Beauty) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Benito) leaf protoplasts accumulate peroxides and peroxide degradation products during culture. This increase correlated with an increase in lipoxygenase activity. On the other hand, enzymes involved in detoxification of peroxides such as catalase and peroxidase decreased during culture. The occurrence of lipid peroxidation in leaf protoplasts is likely to be a consequence of a temporary imbalance in the enzymes involved in oxygen metabolism. It has previously been shown that the lipoxygenase inhibitor n-propyl gallate stabilizes the protoplasts in culture and so peroxidation is likely to be the cause of leaf protoplast instability. Protoplasts obtained from suspension cultures are stable in culture and do not undergo lipid peroxidation. This stability is due to a decrease in lipoxygenase activity and increases in catalase and peroxidase activity after protoplast isolation.Abbreviations: MDA--malonaldehyde, 2,4-D--2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, P V P -polyvinylpolypyrrolidone

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Role of oxidative stress in cereal protoplast recalcitrance

Cutler

Saleem

Coffey

et al. 1989

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…At 24 h after onset of co-cultivation the proportion of rapidly dying infected cells was drastically reduced (40% less than the control without rc-propyl gallate) and formation of secondary fungal hyphae was enhanced 2-fold. Since salicylic acid has been suggested as an inhibitor of catalase (Chen et al, 1993;Sanchez-Casas and Klessig, 1994), whereas n-propyl gallate is a scavenger of reactive oxygen species and inhibitory to lipoxygenases (Peterman and Siedow, 1983), we investigated whether the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species is correlated with the rate of rapid cell death.…”

Section: Production Of Reactive Oxygen Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Rapid Cell Death with Metabolic Changes in Fungus-Infected, Cultured Parsley Cells

Naton¹,

Hahlbrock²,

Schmelzer³

1996

Plant Physiology

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To study in detail the hypersensitive reaction, one of the major defense responses of plants against microbial infection, we used a model system of reduced complexity with cultured parsley (Petroselinum crispum) cells infected with the phytopathogenic fungus Phytophthora infestam. Experimental conditions were established to maintain maximal viability of the cultured cells during co-cultivation with fungal germlings, and a large proportion of the infected parsley cells responded to fungal infection with rapid cell death, thereby exhibiting major features of the hypersensitive reaction in whole-plant-pathogen interactions. Rapid cell death clearly correlated with termination of further growth and development of the fungal pathogen. Thus, the system fulfilled important prerequisites for investigating cell-death-related metabolic changes in individual infected cells. Using cytochemical methods, we monitored the increase of mitochondrial activity in single infected cells and the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species prior to the occurrence of rapid cell death. We obtained strong correlative evidence for the involvement of these intracellularly accumulating reactive oxygen species in membrane damage and in the resulting abrupt collapse of the cell.

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“…Asterisks indicate significant difference from the untreated sample (Student's t test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). alternative oxidase enzyme, cyclooxygenases, and lipoxygenases (Peterman and Siedow, 1983). All of these enzymatic activities may produce ROS, including direct or indirect production of singlet oxygen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Singlet Oxygen Plays an Essential Role in the Root’s Response to Osmotic Stress

Chen

Fluhr

2018

Plant Physiol.

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As SOSG fluorescence indicated the presence of singlet oxygen both before and after cell death, it is important to consider whether the appearance of singlet oxygen is an essential component of PEG-induced . Relationship between integrity of the quiescent center and root elongation. A, Fluorescence resulting from SCR::GFP expression in the endodermis and quiescent center. Roots were exposed to 30% PEG for 1 to 8 h and counterstained with propidium iodide (PI). The median plane was imaged where opaque regions in PI staining indicate cell death. Arrows indicate the quiescent center; scale bars, 100 μm. B, Root elongation rate following exposure to PEG. Student's t test, alpha = 0.05; difference in letters signifies a P < 0.05 significant difference; error bars are se, n ≥ 13. stress response or a symptom of cell death. In the former possibility, singlet oxygen would play a direct role in the PEG responses, and specific scavengers of singlet oxygen should mitigate its action. To test this, His, a membrane-permeable specific scavenger of singlet oxygen, was employed. His rapidly forms specific endoperoxides in the presence of singlet oxygen. It is a weaker scavenger of hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide and does not scavenge superoxide (Matheson et al., 1975; Cai et al., 1995; Ishibashi et al., 1996). The specificity of His as a scavenger for singlet oxygen as opposed to the other ROS is shown in Supplemental Figure S6. As indicated in Figure 6, A and B, His readily mitigates the appearance of singlet oxygen as measured by SOSG. Significantly, the amount of cell death was reduced by 50% ( Fig. 6B) and, as shown in Figure 6C, the presence of His alleviated the repression of the rate of root elongation by PEG. In all, the results lend support for an active role of singlet oxygen in the response to osmotic stress.The light-independent origin of singlet oxygen is unclear. SHAM is a nonspecific inhibitor of mitochondrial Composite of multiple confocal images of ROS accumulation in root tips exposed to 30% PEG for different durations. A, Composite of confocal images that were collated for each specific signal (ROS probes and propidium iodide stain). Multiple image acquisitions for each time point were aligned manually by rotation and overlaid to create the average composite image using Matlab script. The Look Up Table was set to "Fire" and scaled to maximum as white and minimum as blue. Shown are 1 O 2 , measured using the SOSG probe; NO, measured using the DAF-FM-AM probe; O − 2, measured using the BesSo-AM probe; H 2 O 2 , measured using the Bes-H 2 O 2 -AC probe, and cell permeability, measured using staining by propidium iodide. B, Schematic representation of the fluorescence shown in A. Scale bar, 100 µm. Figure 5. Singlet oxygen-and hydrogen peroxide-specific gene expression in roots. A, Transcript levels were measured by RT-qPCR analysis at 0, 1, 2, and 3 h after treatment with 30% PEG. B, Specificity of gene expression. The transcript level fold change in roots; no treatment (Control); treatment for 2 h in ...

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Structural Features Required for Inhibition of Soybean Lipoxygenase-2 by Propyl Gallate

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Role of oxidative stress in cereal protoplast recalcitrance

Role of oxidative stress in cereal protoplast recalcitrance

Correlation of Rapid Cell Death with Metabolic Changes in Fungus-Infected, Cultured Parsley Cells

Singlet Oxygen Plays an Essential Role in the Root’s Response to Osmotic Stress

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