Structural organization of the human CaMIII calmodulin gene

Koller, Markus; Schnyder, Bruno; Strehler, Emanuel E.

doi:10.1016/0167-4781(90)90203-e

Cited by 60 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This gene encodes the human calmodulin mRNA (hCWP) whose partial sequence was the first to be reported (Wawrzynczak and Perham, 1984). Together with the previously characterized CALM3 gene (Koller et al, 1990), two of the three human bona fide CALM genes have now been fully characterized. A comparison with their rat counterparts is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9). Trinucleotide repeat expansions have recently been identified as the primary gene defect in several inheritable, human diseases of an anticipatory na- and , those for the human CALM3 gene are from Koller et al (1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. The coding sequence of the hCALMI gene is interrupted by five introns which all follow the gt/ag rule at intron boundaries and are found at identical positions as in the chicken CALM2 gene (Simmen et al, 1987), the rat CALM1 and CALM3 genes , and the human CALM3 gene (Koller et al, 1990). At position -9 of the 5' untranslated region of exon 1, a single nucleotide substitution (G instead of A) was detected with respect to the published cDNA sequence.…”

Section: Structural Organization Of the Hcalml Gene And Of Two Relatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rat CALM2 gene promoter was recently shown to confer neuronal-cell-specific expression to the P-galactosidase reporter gene in transgenic mice (Matsuo et al, 1993). The complete structures of all three rat genes have been elucidated , whereas in humans only the CALM3 gene organization has been resolved (Koller et al, 1990). Information on the exon-intron structure and the promoter region of all human CALM genes will be essential for an understanding of the evolutionary history and the regulation of expression of this multigene family.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Structure of the Human CALM1 Calmodulin Gene and Identification of two CALM1 ‐Related Pseudogenes CALM1P1 and CALM1P2

Rhyner

Ottiger

Wicki

et al. 1994

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The human CALM1 calmodulin gene has been isolated and characterized. The gene contains six exons spread over about 10 kb of genomic DNA. The exon‐intron structure is identical to that of the human CALM3 and of the rat CALM1 and CALM3 genes. A cluster of transcription‐start sites was identified 200 bp upstream of the ATG translation‐start codon, and several putative regulatory elements were found in the 5′ flanking region as well as in intron 1. Sequence comparison with the rat CALM1 gene revealed significant similarities in the promoter regions of the two genes and an even more striking degree of identity (70%) in the available intron 1 sequences. A short CAG trinucleotide repeat region was identified in the 5′ untranslated region of the human CALM1 gene; this sequence is not conserved in the rat counterpart. Expression of the CALM1 gene was detected in all human tissues tested, although at varying levels. A 1.7‐kb mRNA was uniformly present at comparable levels, whereas a 4.2‐kb mRNA species was particularly abundant in brain and skeletal muscle. Clones for two different CALM1 ‐related pseudogenes CALM1P1 and CALM1P2 were also isolated and characterized. Both pseudogenes are intronless and non‐functional as judged from the presence of mutations abolishing the open reading frame. Genomic Southern analysis indicates that the human CALM1 gene/pseudogene subfamily comprises at least three but probably no more than four members. The entire family consists of three bona fide CALM genes, at least one expressed calmodulin‐like CALML gene as well as at least five pseudogenes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Organization Of the Hcalml Gene And Of Two Relatementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure of the Human CALM1 Calmodulin Gene and Identification of two CALM1 ‐Related Pseudogenes CALM1P1 and CALM1P2

Rhyner

Ottiger

Wicki

et al. 1994

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…Calmodulin (CaM) is one of the most highly conserved molecules. Two to four distinct genes have been detected in vertebrates (Chien and Dawid 1984;Simmen et al 1985;Nojima and Sokabe 1987;SenGupta et al 1987;Nojima 1989;Koller et al 1990;Matsuo et al 1992;Rhyner et al 1994;Friedberg and Rhoads 2002), and three to four distinct CaM-encoding cDNAs were reported in fish (Matsuo et al 1992;Friedberg and Rhoads 2002). Despite considerable amount of nucleotide substitutions between distinct CaM genes, amino acid sequences of the metazoan CaMs are extremely conserved (Yuasa et al 1999(Yuasa et al , 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locus-specific EPIC-PCR primers for four distinct calmodulin genes of the Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844)

et al. 2017

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Nucleotide sequences of four distinct calmodulin genes (designated as CaM-A to -D) of the Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) were compared. Nucleotide sequence divergence between the coding regions of four genes ranged from 16.0 to 21.6%, and locus-specific eight primer pairs targeting introns were designed. These primer pairs amplified expected size of fragments in five congeneric tuna species, and utility of these primer pairs was investigated using distant fish species.

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Developmental expression of calmodulin mRNA and protein in regions of the postnatal rat brain

Berry

Brown

1995

J of Neuroscience Research

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The expression of calmodulin (CaM) protein and mRNA was analyzed in specific regions of the rat brain during postnatal development. CaM levels in the adult brain were more abundant in the cerebral hemispheres and thalamus compared to brain stem and superior plus inferior colliculus. All brain regions contained higher CaM protein and mRNA levels than in non-neural tissues such as the kidney. During postnatal development of the brain, maximal levels of CaM protein and CaM I mRNAs were attained at day 10 or 15. Protein levels declined thereafter in the adult in all regions except the thalamus. With respect to products of the rat CaM I gene, the 4.0 kb neural transcript demonstrated a pronounced increase during postnatal development, whereas the 1.8 kb message showed little change.

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Structural organization of the human CaMIII calmodulin gene

Cited by 60 publications

References 50 publications

Structure of the Human CALM1 Calmodulin Gene and Identification of two CALM1 ‐Related Pseudogenes CALM1P1 and CALM1P2

Structure of the Human CALM1 Calmodulin Gene and Identification of two CALM1 ‐Related Pseudogenes CALM1P1 and CALM1P2

Locus-specific EPIC-PCR primers for four distinct calmodulin genes of the Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844)

Developmental expression of calmodulin mRNA and protein in regions of the postnatal rat brain

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