Structural Properties Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs): From Dynamic Covalent Bonds to their Applications

Heravifard, Zahra; Akbarzadeh, Ali Reza; Tayebi, Leila; Rahimi, Rahmatollah

doi:10.1002/slct.202202005

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 168 publications

(219 reference statements)

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“…COFs have high thermal stability up to 250–450 °C . Robust covalent linkage results in excellent resistance compared to most MOFs Figure corresponds COFs with other commonly utilized materials regarding pros and cons. , …”

Section: Cofs Their Synthetic Methods and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The capability of the material to resist decomposition and maintain chemical/physical structures after heating is known as thermal stability. This property is highly dependent on bond strength, and COFs have robust bond strength, which results in the high thermal stability of COFs . However, the mechanical properties of the COFs remain undiscovered.…”

Section: Cofs Their Synthetic Methods and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This property is highly dependent on bond strength, and COFs have robust bond strength, which results in the high thermal stability of COFs. 55 However, the mechanical COFs possess unique properties that make them attractive for diverse applications. Structural stability, proper optimization, scalability, and characterization issues must be resolved to fully realize their potential in various fields, from energy storage to biomedicine.…”

Section: Properties Of Cofsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37 Robust covalent linkage results in excellent resistance compared to most MOFs. 55 Figure 5 corresponds COFs with other commonly utilized materials regarding pros and cons. 23,37 COFs possess distinct advantages, such as tunable structures, high stability, and potential biocompatibility, making them promising materials for theranostic applications.…”

Section: Comparison Of Cofs With Other Commonly Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Covalent–Organic Framework-Based Materials in Theranostic Applications: Insights into Their Advantages and Challenges

Kaur,

Siwal,

Saini

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Nanomedicine has been essential in bioimaging and cancer therapy in recent years. Nanoscale covalent−organic frameworks (COFs) have been growing as an adequate classification of biomedical nanomaterials with practical application prospects because of their increased porosity, functionality, and biocompatibility. The high sponginess of COFs enables the incorporation of distinct imaging and therapeutic mechanisms with a better loading efficiency. Nevertheless, preliminary biocompatibility limits their possibility for clinical translation. Thus, cutting-edge nanomaterials with high biocompatibility and improved therapeutic efficiency are highly expected to fast-track the clinical translation of nanomedicines. The inherent effects of nanoscale COFs, such as proper size, modular pore geometry and porosity, and specific postsynthetic transformation through simple organic changes, make them particularly appealing for prospective nanomedicines. The organic building blocks of COFs may also be postmodified for particular binding to biomarkers. The exceptional features of COFs cause them to be an encouraging nanocarrier for bioimaging and therapeutic applications. In this review, we have systematically discussed the advances of COFs in the field of theranostics by providing essential features of COFs along with their synthetic methods. Further, the applications of COFs in the field of theranostics (such as drug delivery systems, photothermal, and photodynamic therapy) are discussed in detail with the help of available literature to date. Furthermore, the advantages of COFs over other materials for therapeutics and drug delivery are discussed. Finally, the review concludes with potential future COF applications in the theranostic field.

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Section: Cofs Their Synthetic Methods and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cofs Their Synthetic Methods and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Properties Of Cofsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Cofs With Other Commonly Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Covalent–Organic Framework-Based Materials in Theranostic Applications: Insights into Their Advantages and Challenges

Kaur,

Siwal,

Saini

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…In this area of research, several groups have constructed these materials employing DCC methodologies. [33] Dichtel, Rolandi and co-workers, [34] used DCC to synthesize diverse proton-conducting supramolecular nanotubes (Figure 2). Their strategy involves the synthesis of macrocycles of different shapes, channel sizes and chemical functionalities using a ditopic amine building block decorated with a pyridine ring.…”

Section: Proton Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Covalent Synthesis Applied to Optoelectronic and Energy Materials: Design, Applications and Limitations

Chatir,

David,

Gapin

et al. 2024

Eur J Org Chem

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Dynamic Covalent Chemistry, consisting in the use of dynamic covalent bonds (DCBs) to create complex objects by working at the thermodynamic equilibrium, has undeniable advantages for the preparation of conjugated systems with tailored optoelectronic properties for organic electronics. Chemists can combine simple building blocks with simple functional groups of appropriate geometry, structure and stoichiometry to build multidimensional conjugated architectures. Dynamic covalent reactions are often precious metal‐free, generate little to no side products and are very efficient. DCBs however afford sensitive materials, and consequently a balance needs to be found between the ease of synthesis, the stability and the performances. The dynamicity of the target materials hence can considerably reduce their applicability in organic electronics where strongly stable materials are needed, but opens the door to stimuli‐responsive behaviour and recyclability. A way to overcome dynamicity issues is to lock DCBs, but often at the cost of decreased conjugation. In this review, we will highlight how DCBs are employed to prepare functional optoelectronically active materials, such as discrete molecules, polymers or covalent organic frameworks, applied in fields ranging from organic light‐emitting diodes and solar cells to organic batteries and transistors. We will also discuss their limitations, benefits and current challenges to overcome.

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Supramolecular Self‐Assembly of Novel Double Chloride‐Bridging Trinuclear Ni(II) Mono‐Salamo‐Type Cluster: Experimental and Theoretical Analysis

Yuan,

Chen,

Liu

et al. 2024

Applied Organom Chemis

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A mono‐salamo‐type ligand H2L was prepared to utilize 3‐methoxysalicylaldehyde and a semi‐salamo‐type compound, and its novel trinuclear Ni(II) cluster with two significantly various configurations in the solid state was obtained by reaction of H2L with Ni(II) ions. The trinuclear structure of the Ni(II) cluster was validated by x‐ray technique, and Ni(II) ions exhibited hexa‐coordinated twisted octahedrons. Its structural formula is [Ni3(L)2(μ2‐Cl)2(EtOH)2]. Chloride ions have also successfully double bridged to participate in coordination, and play a critical impact in the trinuclear configuration's stability and charge balance. Two solvent ethanol molecules are also participated in coordination. The coordination ratio of the ligand to the metal ion was verified to be 2:3 by UV–Vis absorption titration spectroscopy. The HOMO and LUMO energies of the frontline molecular orbitals of H2L and the complex were analyzed by DFT calculations, and the energy gap value of the ligand H2L was 4.29 eV, and that of the complex was 0.72 eV. The ligand combined with the metal decreased the energy gap value and produced a more active complex. Furthermore, Hirshfeld surface analysis visualizes the weak interactions of crystalline molecules, and these abundant weak interactions play an especially critical effect in the supramolecular structural self‐assembling. The fluorescent researches proclaimed that the fluorescence intensity of the cluster significantly decreased compared with the ligand, suggesting that this ligand and complex have greater promise for fluorescence sensing.

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Structural Properties Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs): From Dynamic Covalent Bonds to their Applications

Cited by 20 publications

References 168 publications

Covalent–Organic Framework-Based Materials in Theranostic Applications: Insights into Their Advantages and Challenges

Covalent–Organic Framework-Based Materials in Theranostic Applications: Insights into Their Advantages and Challenges

Dynamic Covalent Synthesis Applied to Optoelectronic and Energy Materials: Design, Applications and Limitations

Supramolecular Self‐Assembly of Novel Double Chloride‐Bridging Trinuclear Ni(II) Mono‐Salamo‐Type Cluster: Experimental and Theoretical Analysis

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