Structural, textural, geochemical and isotopic signatures of synglaciogenic Neoproterozoic banded iron formations (BIFs) at Bafq mining district (BMD), Central Iran: The possible Ediacaran missing link of BIFs in Tethyan metallogeny

Mohseni, Sadegh; Aftabi, Alijan

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.05.018

Cited by 28 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Taghipour et al (2013) [75] argued that mixing of magmatic and non-magmatic fluids caused iron oxide mineralization and hydrothermal alteration in the Choghart deposit. However, Mohseni and Aftabi (2015) [76] have presented evidence that the Central Iran iron deposits were formed as glaciogenic banded iron formation (Rapitan BIF).…”

Section: Nature Of Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Stage Ore Formation in the Chadormalu Iron Deposit, Bafq Metallogenic Province, Central Iran: Evidence from BSE Imaging and Apatite EPMA and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Geochronology

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The Chadormalu magnetite-apatite deposit in Bafq metallogenic province, Central Iran, is hosted in the late Precambrian-lower Cambrian volcano-sedimentary rocks with sodic, calcic, and potassic alterations characteristic of iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) and iron oxide-apatite (IOA) ore systems. Apatite occurs as scattered irregular veinlets and disseminated grains, respectively, within and in the marginal parts of the main ore-body, as well as apatite-magnetite veins in altered wall rocks. Textural evidence (SEM-BSE images) of these apatites shows primary bright, and secondary dark areas with inclusions of monazite/xenotime. The primary, monazite-free fluorapatite contains higher concentrations of Na, Si, S, and light rare earth elements (LREE). The apatite was altered by hydrothermal events that led to leaching of Na, Si, and REE + Y, and development of the dark apatite. The bright apatite yielded two U-Pb age populations, an older dominant age of 490 ± 21 Ma, similar to other iron deposits in the Bafq district and associated intrusions, and a younger age of 246 ± 17 Ma. The dark apatite yielded a U-Pb age of 437 ± 12 Ma. Our data suggest that hydrothermal magmatic fluids contributed to formation of the primary fluorapatite, and sodic and calcic alterations. The primary apatite reequilibrated with basinal brines in at least two regional extensions and basin developments in Silurian and Triassic in Central Iran.

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Section: Nature Of Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Stage Ore Formation in the Chadormalu Iron Deposit, Bafq Metallogenic Province, Central Iran: Evidence from BSE Imaging and Apatite EPMA and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Geochronology

et al. 2018

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“…However, many NIFs show no robust evidence of glacial association but are closely associated with volcano‐sedimentary sequences, such as those in the Arabian‐Nubian Shield, Seridó Belt in NE Brazil, Central Tianshan block and North Qilian in NW China, and Bafq mining district in Central Iran, among others (Basta et al, 2011; El‐Rahman et al, 2020; Khalil et al, 2015; Lei et al, 2020; Mohseni & Aftabi, 2015; Sial et al, 2015; Stern et al, 2013). In addition, current, albeit imperfect, depositional age constraints suggest these NIFs are not restricted to the Sturtian and Marinoan glacial intervals, but include examples of pre‐ and post‐Cryogenian NIFs (e.g., Gaucher et al, 2015; Lei et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The deposition and significance of an Ediacaran non‐glacial iron formation

Yang

Mao

et al. 2022

Geobiology

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Most Neoproterozoic iron formations (NIF) are closely associated with global or nearglobal "Snowball Earth" glaciations. Increasingly, however, studies indicate that some NIFs show no robust evidence of glacial association. Many aspects of non-glacial NIF genesis, including the paleo-environmental setting, Fe(II) source, and oxidation mechanisms, are poorly understood. Here, we present a detailed case study of the Jiapigou NIF, a major non-glacial NIF within a Neoproterozoic volcano-sedimentary sequence in North Qilian, northwestern China. New U-Pb geochronological data place the depositional age of the Jiapigou NIF at ~600 Ma. Petrographic and geochemical evidence supports its identification as a primary chemical sediment with significant detrital input. Major and trace element concentrations, REE + Y systematics, and ε Nd (t) values indicate that iron was sourced from mixed seawater and hydrothermal fluids. Iron isotopic values (δ 56 Fe = −0.04‰-1.43‰) are indicative of partial oxidation of an Fe(II) reservoir. We infer that the Jiapigou NIF was deposited in a redox stratified water column, where hydrothermally sourced Fe(II)-rich fluids underwent oxidation under suboxic conditions. Lastly, the Jiapigou NIF has strong phosphorous enrichments, which in other iron formations are typically interpreted as signals for high marine phosphate concentrations. This suggests that oceanic phosphorus concentrations could have been enriched throughout the Neoproterozoic, as opposed to simply during glacial intervals.

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“…Sangan deposit) and the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone (e.g. Gol-e-Gohar deposit) have been the subject of numerous studies (see Ghorbani, 2013;Mohseni and Aftabi, 2015;Nabatian et al, 2015), the overall geological and geochemical features of small-scale FIG. 1. Map showing locations and distribution of different ophiolite complexes in the Zagros orogeny and the location of the Sorkhvand, Nasirabad, Abadeh Tashk and Gugher manganese and ferromanganese deposits (modified after Ghasemi and Talbot, 2006), Abbreviations; Kh: Khoy, Kr: Kermanshah, Ny: Neyriz, Ba: Baft, Sh: Shahre-Babak, Na: Nain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare-earth element distribution and genesis of manganese ores associated with Tethyan ophiolites, Iran: A review

et al. 2016

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The Zagros orogenic and metallogenic belt is characterized by the widespread occurrence of manganese and ferromanganese deposits. These deposits are spatially associated with radiolarian cherts and basaltic rocks, which cap the ophiolite sequences. The present work provides a review on the rare-earth element (REE) geochemistry coupled with major- and trace-element geochemical characteristics of the Nasirabad and Abadeh Tashk manganese deposits (associated with the Neyriz ophiolite), and Sorkhvand manganese deposit (associated with the Kermanshah ophiolite). These data are used to gain an insight into the primary ore-forming processes that control the deposition of manganese ores. All of the selected manganese deposits have consistently high Ba contents and low concentrations of trace elements (Co, Cu and Ni) with high Mn/Fe ratios typical of hydrothermal activity. A relatively low REE abundance, Lan/Ndn ratios (>3), and position on a Lan/Cen vs. Al2O3/(Al2O3 + Fe2O3) discrimination plot indicate a distal hydrothermal source for almost all of the selected manganese deposits. Most of the deposits are characterized by Ceanom < –0.1 which reflects the prevailing oxidative conditions during the deposition of manganese ores. Importantly, this is consistent with the occurrence of non-sulfide oxic Mn mineralization in all the manganese deposits of the Zagros orogeny. The comparison of the Sorkhvand, Abadeh Tashk and Nasirabad manganese deposits with other manganese deposits elsewhere in the world indicates that major- and trace-element characteristics, as well as the REE composition of the Zagros manganese deposits are analogous to those typical of hydrothermal deposits.

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Structural, textural, geochemical and isotopic signatures of synglaciogenic Neoproterozoic banded iron formations (BIFs) at Bafq mining district (BMD), Central Iran: The possible Ediacaran missing link of BIFs in Tethyan metallogeny

Cited by 28 publications

References 84 publications

Multiple Stage Ore Formation in the Chadormalu Iron Deposit, Bafq Metallogenic Province, Central Iran: Evidence from BSE Imaging and Apatite EPMA and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Geochronology

Multiple Stage Ore Formation in the Chadormalu Iron Deposit, Bafq Metallogenic Province, Central Iran: Evidence from BSE Imaging and Apatite EPMA and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Geochronology

The deposition and significance of an Ediacaran non‐glacial iron formation

Rare-earth element distribution and genesis of manganese ores associated with Tethyan ophiolites, Iran: A review

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