Structure and Characterization of Flavolipids, a Novel Class of Biosurfactants Produced by
            <i>Flavobacterium</i>
            sp. Strain MTN11

Bodour, Adria A.; Guerrero–Barajas, Claudia; Jiorle, Beth V.; Malcomson, Mark E.; Paull, Amanda K.; Somogyi, Árpád; Trinh, Long N.; Bates, Robert B.; Maier, Raina M.

doi:10.1128/aem.70.1.114-120.2004

Cited by 119 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Surfactants are represented by a wide variety of molecular structures, including fatty acids, neutral lipids, phospholipids, glycolipids, glycopeptidolipids, polysaccharides, lipopeptides, and lipoproteins (2,9,11,66,73,95). Based upon the genes within the bbcABCDEF and bbcGHIJK operons, it is probable that the L. pneumophila surfactant contains a lipid structure and is being synthesized, at least in part, by a polyketide synthase (PKS) (92).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Surfactant of Legionella pneumophila Is Secreted in a TolC-Dependent Manner and Is Antagonistic toward Other Legionella Species

2011

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When Legionella pneumophila grows on agar plates, it secretes a surfactant that promotes flagellum-and pilus-independent "sliding" motility. We isolated three mutants that were defective for surfactant. The first two had mutations in genes predicted to encode cytoplasmic enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. These genes mapped to two adjacent operons that we designated bbcABCDEF and bbcGHIJK. Backcrossing and complementation confirmed the importance of the bbc genes and suggested that the Legionella surfactant is lipid containing. The third mutant had an insertion in tolC. TolC is the outer membrane part of various trimolecular complexes involved in multidrug efflux and type I protein secretion. Complementation of the tolC mutant restored sliding motility. Mutants defective for an inner membrane partner of TolC also lacked a surfactant, confirming that TolC promotes surfactant secretion. L. pneumophila (lspF) mutants lacking type II protein secretion (T2S) are also impaired for a surfactant. When the tolC and lspF mutants were grown next to each other, the lsp mutant secreted surfactant, suggesting that TolC and T2S conjoin to mediate surfactant secretion, with one being the conduit for surfactant export and the other the exporter of a molecule that is required for induction or maturation of surfactant synthesis/secretion. Although the surfactant was not required for the extracellular growth, intracellular infection, and intrapulmonary survival of L. pneumophila, it exhibited antimicrobial activity toward seven other species of Legionella but not toward various nonLegionella species. These data suggest that the surfactant provides L. pneumophila with a selective advantage over other legionellae in the natural environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Surfactant of Legionella pneumophila Is Secreted in a TolC-Dependent Manner and Is Antagonistic toward Other Legionella Species

2011

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“…The mean percentage partitioning of the cells into the hydrocarbon phase was calculated from triplicate samples. The E 72 was determined at room temperature using a modification of the method described elsewhere (Bodour et al, 2004;Cooper & Goldenberg, 1987). The resting-cell suspension (2 ml, OD 660 =2.0) was transferred to a test tube (180618 mm) and 0.2 ml gas oil was added, followed by vigorous mixing for 30 s. The tube was allowed to stand for 10 min; when the particle-stabilized emulsion remained stable, a second volume (0.2 ml) of gas oil was added.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of water/gas oil emulsions by desulfurizing cells of Gordonia alkanivorans RIPI90A

et al. 2007

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It has been previously reported that resting-cells, non-proliferating cells, of Gordonia alkanivorans RIPI90A can convert dibenzothiophene (DBT) to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-HBP) via the 4S pathway in a biphasic system. The main goal of the current work was to study the behaviour of resting-cells of this strain in biphasic organic media. Resting-cells showed strong affinity for sulfurous organic substrates and were able to stabilize water/gas oil emulsions by attaching to the interface without decreasing the surface tension of their environment. This was consistent with the behaviour of the whole cells but not the surfactants, suggesting that microbial cell-mediated emulsification occurs. It was found that the emulsion-stabilizing activity of the resting-cells was influenced by the growth stage, but was not directly influenced by the metabolic activity of the resting-cells. This activity may be related to cell-surface hydrophobicity, which results from the unique chemical structure of the cell surface. In some biphasic biodesulfurization (BDS) bioreactors, emulsions are created without addition of any surfactant. Cell surface-mediated stabilization helps prolong the emulsions and therefore overcomes mass-transfer limitations in bioreactors. The simultaneous occurrence of emulsion-stabilizing and desulfurization activities of resting-cells was observed for what is believed to be the first time. The results suggest that this strain may have potential for the BDS of diesel oils.

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“…Then, the mixture was vortexed at high speed for 1 min and allowed to stand for 24 hours. It is expressed as percentage [6,13].…”

Section: Emulsification Test (E24)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Using Consortia Developed from Municipal Wastewater Isolates

Singh

Vaishya

2017

SMSJ

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Structure and Characterization of Flavolipids, a Novel Class of Biosurfactants Produced by Flavobacterium sp. Strain MTN11

Cited by 119 publications

References 62 publications

The Surfactant of Legionella pneumophila Is Secreted in a TolC-Dependent Manner and Is Antagonistic toward Other Legionella Species

The Surfactant of Legionella pneumophila Is Secreted in a TolC-Dependent Manner and Is Antagonistic toward Other Legionella Species

Stabilization of water/gas oil emulsions by desulfurizing cells of Gordonia alkanivorans RIPI90A

Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Using Consortia Developed from Municipal Wastewater Isolates

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