Service adoption strategies of push over cellular The original ideas for the framework came from both Ali-Vehmas and Luukkainen. Ali-Vehmas provided the initial case data while Luukkainen provided primarily theoretical contributions. Both Luukkainen and Ali-Vehmas further developed the journal article based on the initial joint conference paper in the International Conference of Mobile Business (ICMB'05) "Service diffusion strategies for push to talk over cellular", pp 427-433, 2005 presented by Ali-Vehmas. Publication II Evolution of wireless access provisioning: A systems thinking approach The original idea for the developed framework came from Ali-Vehmas. Casey conducted the interviews. Ali-Vehmas and Casey together further developed the framework and did the analysis. Ali-Vehmas and Casey together also wrote and edited the article. Publication III Complex network perspective to collaboration in the ICT standardization The original idea for the research came from Ali-Vehmas. Ali-Vehmas is the sole contributor of this article. Nokia Corporation provided the raw data sets. Publication IV Value system evolution toward a cognitive radio era: Implications of underlying market dynamics The article continued the work of Publication II. Casey developed the simulation model to which Ali-Vehmas provided comments. Casey and Ali-Vehmas together did the analysis. Casey wrote the first version of the article. Ali-Vehmas added text, further developed some of the conceptual ideas, and edited the article. Casey presented the paper in the IEEE 2012 DySPAN conference. Publication V Examining value system transitions: The case of smart mobility services The article is an application of the methodologies of Publications II and III in a qualitative analysis. Ali-Vehmas and Casey contributed to the case study. Ali-Vehmas further developed the detailed analysis. Ali-Vehmas and Casey wrote and edited the article. Ali-Vehmas presented the paper in the HICSS 48 conference. Research approach Concepts and methods developed for studying complex adaptive systems provide a compelling framework for the research on value systems with complexity. This thesis applies earlier conceptual models of complex systems to empirical ICT-driven value systems to develop a model for complex value systems, which can be used to examine behaviors of such systems. Empirical value systems