“…Noteworthily, the RC eff of the present Co6 alloy reaches 223 J/kg, which is significantly larger than those of the stoichiometric Ni-Mn-based alloys 18,45,76,77,79,81–84 and is comparable to those of some Co-doped Mn-rich Ni-Mn-based compounds 1,63,78–80,83 . Besides, the achieved RC eff is also comparable to those rare-earth containing La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 and Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 compounds. Of note is that the working temperature of the present alloy is slightly above 300 K, which is very encouraging for room-temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.Figure 8Effective magnetic refrigeration capacity RC eff and working temperature span under a magnetic field of 5.0 T for the present Co6 alloy and some most studied magnetocaloric materials, such as La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 , Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 , NiMn-based 1,18,45,63,76–84 compounds.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 54%
“…Besides, the achieved RC eff is also comparable to those rare-earth containing La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 and Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 compounds. Of note is that the working temperature of the present alloy is slightly above 300 K, which is very encouraging for room-temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.Figure 8Effective magnetic refrigeration capacity RC eff and working temperature span under a magnetic field of 5.0 T for the present Co6 alloy and some most studied magnetocaloric materials, such as La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 , Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 , NiMn-based 1,18,45,63,76–84 compounds. These alloys were selected because their magnetocaloric effects (MCE) are all related to the first-order martensite transformation and are tested around the magnetostructural transition temperatures.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 54%
“…Effective magnetic refrigeration capacity RC eff and working temperature span under a magnetic field of 5.0 T for the present Co6 alloy and some most studied magnetocaloric materials, such as La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 , Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 , NiMn-based 1,18,45,63,76–84 compounds. These alloys were selected because their magnetocaloric effects (MCE) are all related to the first-order martensite transformation and are tested around the magnetostructural transition temperatures.…”
High magnetocaloric refrigeration performance requires large magnetic entropy change ΔSM and broad working temperature span ΔTFWHM. A fourth element doping of Co in ternary Ni-Mn-Sn alloy may significantly enhance the saturation magnetization of the alloy and thus enhance the ΔSM. Here, the effects of Co-doping on the martensite transformation, magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects (MCE) of quaternary Ni47−xMn43Sn10Cox (x = 0, 6, 11) alloys were investigated. The martensite transformation temperatures decrease while austenite Curie point increases with Co content increasing to x = 6 and 11, thus broadening the temperature window for a high magnetization austenite (13.5, 91.7 and 109.1 A·m2/kg for x = 0, 6 and 11, respectively). Two successive magnetostructural transformations (A → 10 M and A → 10 M + 6 M) occur in the alloy x = 6, which are responsible for the giant magnetic entropy change ΔSM = 29.5 J/kg·K, wide working temperature span ΔTFWHM = 14 K and large effective refrigeration capacity RCeff = 232 J/kg under a magnetic field of 5.0 T. These results suggest that Ni40.6Mn43.3Sn10.0Co6.1 alloy may act as a potential solid-state magnetic refrigerant working at room temperature.
“…Noteworthily, the RC eff of the present Co6 alloy reaches 223 J/kg, which is significantly larger than those of the stoichiometric Ni-Mn-based alloys 18,45,76,77,79,81–84 and is comparable to those of some Co-doped Mn-rich Ni-Mn-based compounds 1,63,78–80,83 . Besides, the achieved RC eff is also comparable to those rare-earth containing La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 and Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 compounds. Of note is that the working temperature of the present alloy is slightly above 300 K, which is very encouraging for room-temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.Figure 8Effective magnetic refrigeration capacity RC eff and working temperature span under a magnetic field of 5.0 T for the present Co6 alloy and some most studied magnetocaloric materials, such as La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 , Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 , NiMn-based 1,18,45,63,76–84 compounds.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 54%
“…Besides, the achieved RC eff is also comparable to those rare-earth containing La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 and Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 compounds. Of note is that the working temperature of the present alloy is slightly above 300 K, which is very encouraging for room-temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.Figure 8Effective magnetic refrigeration capacity RC eff and working temperature span under a magnetic field of 5.0 T for the present Co6 alloy and some most studied magnetocaloric materials, such as La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 , Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 , NiMn-based 1,18,45,63,76–84 compounds. These alloys were selected because their magnetocaloric effects (MCE) are all related to the first-order martensite transformation and are tested around the magnetostructural transition temperatures.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 54%
“…Effective magnetic refrigeration capacity RC eff and working temperature span under a magnetic field of 5.0 T for the present Co6 alloy and some most studied magnetocaloric materials, such as La(FeSi) 13 -based 72,73 , Gd 5 (SiGe) 4 -based 74,75 , NiMn-based 1,18,45,63,76–84 compounds. These alloys were selected because their magnetocaloric effects (MCE) are all related to the first-order martensite transformation and are tested around the magnetostructural transition temperatures.…”
High magnetocaloric refrigeration performance requires large magnetic entropy change ΔSM and broad working temperature span ΔTFWHM. A fourth element doping of Co in ternary Ni-Mn-Sn alloy may significantly enhance the saturation magnetization of the alloy and thus enhance the ΔSM. Here, the effects of Co-doping on the martensite transformation, magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects (MCE) of quaternary Ni47−xMn43Sn10Cox (x = 0, 6, 11) alloys were investigated. The martensite transformation temperatures decrease while austenite Curie point increases with Co content increasing to x = 6 and 11, thus broadening the temperature window for a high magnetization austenite (13.5, 91.7 and 109.1 A·m2/kg for x = 0, 6 and 11, respectively). Two successive magnetostructural transformations (A → 10 M and A → 10 M + 6 M) occur in the alloy x = 6, which are responsible for the giant magnetic entropy change ΔSM = 29.5 J/kg·K, wide working temperature span ΔTFWHM = 14 K and large effective refrigeration capacity RCeff = 232 J/kg under a magnetic field of 5.0 T. These results suggest that Ni40.6Mn43.3Sn10.0Co6.1 alloy may act as a potential solid-state magnetic refrigerant working at room temperature.
“…Many contain critical rare earth, such as Eu in Eu 2 In [140], EuTiO 3 [114,135,156,195] doped with Al [113], Cr [196], Mn [134], Co [151], Ni [119], Ba [157,206], Nb [110,170,195] and Eu in other compounds [133,232,240,251]; Gd in GdAlO 3 [158], GdFeO 3 [138,162], GdCrO 3 [183], GdCrO 4 -ErCrO 4 [202], GdScO 3 [117,124], Gd 2 CoMnO 6 [155], Gd 2 BaNiO 5 [152], GdCrTiO 5 [143], GdCo 2 B 2 [271], GdCoC 2 [171], RuSr 2 GdCu 2 O 8 [208], etc. ; Tb in TbFeO 3 [176], TbMn 2 O 5 [179], Tb 2 CoMnO 6 [132], Tb 5 Ge 2−x Si 2−x Mn 2x [255], Tb 4 Gd 1 Si 2.035 Ge 1.935 Mn 0.03 [197], etc. ; Dy in DyAl 2 [275], DySb [263], DyNi 2 B 2 C [250], Dy 0.9 Tm 0.1 Ni 2 B 2 C superconductor [272], DyNiSi [181], DyCuSi [266], DyFeO 3 [199], DyCrO 4 [230], DyVO 4…”
This review of the current state of magnetocalorics is focused on materials exhibiting a giant magnetocaloric response near room temperature. To be economically viable for industrial applications and mass production, materials should have desired useful properties at a reasonable cost and should be safe for humans and the environment during manufacturing, handling, operational use, and after disposal. The discovery of novel materials is followed by a gradual improvement of properties by compositional adjustment and thermal or mechanical treatment. Consequently, with time, good materials become inferior to the best. There are several known classes of inexpensive materials with a giant magnetocaloric effect, and the search continues.
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