Structure of Marine Surface Layer Turbulence

Schmitt, Kurt F.; Friehe, Carl A.; Gibson, Carl H.

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1979)036<0602:somslt>2.0.co;2

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies show that spectral shapes of humidity are generally similar to the K72 temperature spectra curves (i.e. Schmitt et al, 1979;Nicholls and Readings, 1981). The peak of the CBLAST humidity spectra is around F = 0.2, close to that in the u spectra, but slightly higher than that in the vertical velocity spectra.…”

Section: Spectra Of Humidity and Cospectra Of Humidity Fluxessupporting

confidence: 70%

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Spectral characteristics of turbulence in the hurricane boundary layer over the ocean between the outer rain bands

Zhang

2010

Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc.

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Section: Spectra Of Humidity and Cospectra Of Humidity Fluxessupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The K72 and M70 universal spectra and cospectra curves have been generally accepted as a standard for surface-layer measurements over land and ocean (e.g. Caughey, 1977;Kaimal, 1978;Schmitt et al, 1979;Panofsky et al, 1982;Smith and Chandler, 1987;Sorbjan, 1989;Drennan et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral characteristics of turbulence in the hurricane boundary layer over the ocean between the outer rain bands

Zhang

2010

Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc.

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“…The steeper decrease for f>1 is at most due to insufficient instrumental response. The humidity spectrum has a similar shape with that for previous measurements made over the sea (Schmitt et al, 1979;Nicholls, 1985). Moreover, as suggested by Donelan and Miyake (1973) and Nicholls and Readings (1981), the spectrum is similar to the horizontal velocity spectrum as can be seen by comparing Fig.…”

Section: Temperature and Humidity Spectrasupporting

confidence: 85%

“…For the lower frequency region of f<0.2, the spectrum agrees well with Kaimal's unstable limit. Schmitt et al (1979) questioned this high frequency peak or the plateau shape because of a possible salt contamination problem. They concluded that the difference of marine temperature spectrum at low observing height from similarity prediction may be due to the humidity sensitivity of salt-spray contaminated temperature probes.…”

Section: Temperature and Humidity Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbulent Transport Mechanism in the Surface Layer over the Tropical Ocean

Fujitani¹

1992

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Turbulent flux measurements by the eddy correlation method were performed on board a ship in the tropical western Pacific during the summer MONEX field phase.The turbulent fluxes of momentum, sensible heat, and latent heat were estimated for three different stages, -the disturbed period influenced by the ITCZ, the equatorial doldrums, and the undisturbed period. The average Bowen ratio was 0.068 for the undisturbed period and 0.136 for the disturbed period. The Bowen ratio also varied significantly during the passage of a local convective disturbance.The reduced bulk transfer coefficients were 1.04*10-3 for momentum, 1.50*10-3 for sensible heat, and 0.91*10-3 for latent heat. These bulk transfer coefficients were mostly consistent with other results obtained over the tropical oceans. The drag coefficient was almost constant in the moderate wind speed range (1.5 < U < 8 m/s).In unstable conditions, */u*, */u*, */T*, and *q/q* were well expressed by the universal functions of z/L predicted by the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. The proportional constants, Cu, C*, CT, and Cq were 2.37, 1.78, 1.82, and 1.36, respectively, and neutral values were *u/u* =2.53 and aw /u* =1.68, respectively.The u spectrum displayed the -2/3 fall-off for f > 0.2, and agreed well with Kaimal's unstable limit for f <0.2. The w spectrum had the expected -2/3 fall-off, and also showed a marked bimodal shape. However, the whole shape agreed approximately with Kaimal's unstable limit. The temperature spectrum had a plateau between 0.2

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“…The theory provides an analytical link between φ c (ζ) and the basic turbulent processes governing scalar transport that result in the universal character of φ c (ζ). It also establishes the organizing framework for diagnosing why several field experiments report anomalous φ c (ζ) over oceans and land [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mean scalar concentration profile in a sheared and thermally stratified atmospheric surface layer

Katul

Chameki

et al. 2013

Phys. Rev. E

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Using only dimensional considerations, Monin and Obukhov proposed a 'universal' stability correction function φc(ζ) that accounts for distortions caused by thermal stratification to the mean scalar concentration profile in the atmospheric surface layer when the flow is stationary, planar homogeneous, fully turbulent, and lacking any subsidence. For nearly six decades, their analysis provided the basic framework for almost all operational models and data interpretation in the lower atmosphere. However, the canonical shape of φc(ζ) and the departure from the Reynold's analogy continue to defy theoretical explanation. Here, the basic processes governing the scalar-velocity cospectrum, including buoyancy and the scaling laws describing the velocity and temperature spectra, are considered via a simplified co-spectral budget. The solution to this co-spectral budget is then used to derive φc(ζ), thereby establishing a link between the energetics of turbulent velocity and scalar concentration fluctuations and the bulk flow describing the mean scalar concentration profile. The resulting theory explains all the canonical features of φc(ζ), including the onset of power-laws for various stability regimes and their concomitant exponents, as well as the causes of departure from Reynold's analogy.

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Structure of Marine Surface Layer Turbulence

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Spectral characteristics of turbulence in the hurricane boundary layer over the ocean between the outer rain bands

Spectral characteristics of turbulence in the hurricane boundary layer over the ocean between the outer rain bands

Turbulent Transport Mechanism in the Surface Layer over the Tropical Ocean

Mean scalar concentration profile in a sheared and thermally stratified atmospheric surface layer

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