Structure, Optical Properties and Physicochemical Features of LiNbO3:Mg,B Crystals Grown in a Single Technological Cycle: An Optical Material for Converting Laser Radiation

Abstract

Two series of LiNbO3:Mg:B crystals have been grown and studied. Two doping methods—have been used. The crystals—have been co-doped with Mg and a non-metallic dopant, B. The physicochemical features of the growth—have been considered for LiNbO3:Mg:B crystals obtained from a boron-doped melt. The charge—has been prepared using different technologies: homogeneous (HG) and solid-phase (SP) doping. The same two methods have been used to grow single-doped LiNbO3:Mg crystals. A control near-stoichiometric (NSLN) crystal—has been grown via the HTTSSG (high-temperature top-seeded solution growth) method from a congruent melt (Li/Nb ≈ 0.946) with 5.5 wt% K2O. The characteristics of the LiNbO3:Mg:B crystals—have been compared with those of the LiNbO3:Mg and NSLN crystals. Physicochemical and structural reasons have been established for the differences in the distribution coefficients of magnesium (KD) during the growth of the HG- and SP-doped LiNbO3:B:Mg and LiNbO3:Mg crystals. The optical characteristics of the LiNbO3:B:Mg crystals—have been studied via optical spectroscopy, laser conoscopy and photoinduced light scattering (PILS). The influence of boron on the microstructure, compositional and optical uniformities and optical damage resistance of the LiNbO3:Mg:B crystals—has been estimated. Optimal technological approaches to growing optically uniform LiNbO3:B:Mg crystals have been determined. LiNbO3:Mg:B crystals have been shown to have a significant advantage over the commercially used LiNbO3:Mg crystals since large LiNbO3:Mg:B crystals can be grown without stripes. Such stripes usually appear perpendicular to the growth axis. In addition, the photorefractive effect is suppressed in LiNbO3:Mg:B crystals at lower magnesium concentrations ([Mg] ≈ 2.5 mol%) than in LiNbO3:Mg ([Mg] ≈ 5.5 mol%).

The Influence of the [Li]/[Nb] Ratio on the Holographic Storage Performance of Mgfeculinbo3 Crystals

“…Weaker incident light intensity does not eliminate the optical damage, as it is the result of time accumulation. As long as the exposure time is long enough, optical damage will occur, i.e., when the light intensity and time accumulation effect reach a certain threshold, optical damage will occur [23][24][25]. When the intensity of 0 I light passes through the crystal, 0 I will be converted into three parts, namely transmitted light T I , reflected light R I and absorbed light A I , and the relationship between the three and the incident light intensity is:…”

LiNbO3-based memristors for neuromorphic computing applications: a review

“…The spontaneous electric polarization that LiNbO 3 exhibits can be reversed by applying an external electric field (Roshchupkin et al, 2009;Stone et al, 2011;Tayi et al, 2012). Besides, LiNbO 3 crystallizes in the trigonal structure belonging to the R3c space group (Inbar and Cohen, 1997;Sánchez-Dena et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2021b;Palatnikov et al, 2023). The crystal structure comprises corner-sharing NbO 6 octahedra and Li ions occupying interstitial sites (Nico et al, 2016).…”