Structure-property analysis for gel-spun, ultrahigh molecular mass polyethylene fibers

Fu, Yigang; Chen, Wei; Pyda, M.; Londono, D.; Annis, B. K.; Boller, A.; Habenschuss, A.; Cheng, Jin; Wunderlich, Bernhard

doi:10.1080/00222349608220375

Cited by 80 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Clements and Ward 24 explained the observed decrease in SAXS reflection intensity at higher draw ratios by an increase in the formation of crystalline bridges acting as link between oriented lamellae, whereas Peterlin and Corneliussen 25 ascribed it to a decrease in the effective electron density difference between the amorphous and crystalline components. L p values determined by the first-order maxima of the SAXS reflections in this study (45-60 nm) were rather higher than those from gel-spun fibers 22 or previous solid-state drawing experiments in literature. 26 -30 In a later communication, the structural analysis, including the deformation mechanism on the solid-state drawing of the UHMWPE powders used in this study, will be thoroughly presented.…”

Section: Multistage Drawing Orientationcontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…The formation of highly aligned crystallite structures during the multistage, solid-state drawing process are also be discussed with the results of the SAXS study of the filaments. The appearance of the double peaks has been observed in the thermal analysis of gel-spun UHM-WPE fibers, 22 whereas the sharp single endothermic peak has typically been observed in many conventional solid-state drawings of UHMWPE reactor powders. 8,9,23 The changes with increasing draw ratio in the SAXS patterns of the UHMWPE filaments made from the UHMWPE powder 30C_15P are illustrated in Figure 12.…”

Section: Multistage Drawing Orientationmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Solid‐state compaction and drawing of nascent reactor powders of ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene

Joo

Zhou

Lee

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The continuous production of ultra-highmolecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) filaments was studied by the direct roll forming of nascent reactor powders followed by subsequent multistage orientation drawing below their melting points. The UHMWPE reactor powders used in this study were prepared by the polymerization of ethylene in the presence of soluble magnesium complexes, and they exhibited high yield even at low reaction temperatures. The unique, microporous powder morphology contributed to the successful compaction of the UHMWPE powders into coherent tapes below their melting temperatures. The small-angle X-ray scattering study of the compacted tapes revealed that folded-chain crystals with a relatively long-range order were formed during the compaction and were transformed into extended-chain crystals as the draw ratio increased. Our results also reveal that the drawability and tensile and thermal properties of the filaments depended sensitively on both the polymerization and solidstate processing conditions. The fiber drawn to a total draw ratio of 90 in the study had a tensile strength of 2.5 GPa and a tensile modulus of 130 GPa. Finally, the solid-state drawn UHMWPE filaments were treated with O 2 plasma, and the enhancement of the interfacial shear strength by the surface treatment is presented.

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Section: Multistage Drawing Orientationcontrasting

confidence: 62%

Section: Multistage Drawing Orientationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Solid‐state compaction and drawing of nascent reactor powders of ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene

Joo

Zhou

Lee

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Determination of background scattering is the most difficult task and the methods chosen can lead to different results. For instance, crystallite sizes and lattice distortion of the same UHMWPE fibers were different depending upon whether a straight-line background 6 or the Fourier transform background 13 was used. Before the line broadening is computed, corrections for air scattering, white light radiation, sample absorption, Lorentz and polarization, and Compton factors have to be made.…”

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confidence: 99%

Crystallite Sizes and Lattice Distortions of Gel-Spun Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fibers

Hu¹,

Hsieh²

1998

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:A detailed method is reported for deriving the lattice distortions and crystallite sizes of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers employing a full wide angle X-ray diffraction (W AXD) pattern. The predominant crystals are orthorhombic form and the refined unit cell dimensions for a and b are 7.40( ± 0.03) and 4.94( ± 0.03) A, respectively.The average crystallite size normal to 110 planes was found to be in the range of 163-182A. The microstrain lattice distortion was predominant in the gel-spun UHMWPE fibers, with the lattice constant variation of 0.5%.KEY WORDS Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene I Wide Angle X-Ray Diffraction I Paracrystalline Structure I Lattice Distortion I Crystallite Size I Microstrain IThe gel-spun ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers have superior mechanical properties with the Young's modulus and tensile strength in the range of 100---220 GPa and 3-6 GPa, respectively. 1 Such superior mechanical properties are ascribed to the highly oriented and fully extended chains in the highly crystalline structure. The amount of non-crystalline domains is small, containing mainly chain entanglements, taut tie molecules, and chain ends. 2 The structure ofUHMWPE fibers has been extensively studied. 1 -20 Under ambient conditions, UHMWPE fibers mainly exhibit an orthorhombic crystalline structure with low levels of non-orthorhombic crystals. 2 -4 • 13 Structural transformations have been observed on UHMWPE fibers. Tension along the fiber axis and lateral compression have shown to cause crystal transformation from the orthorhombic to the monoclinic form. 6 • 10 At either high pressure or the temperature close to its melting point, the orthorhombic crystals go through a solid-state phase transformation to the pseudohexagonal crystals. 3,4,10 The crystallite sizes and lattice distortions in UHMWPE fibers are not as well understood. The wide angle X-ray diffraction (W AXD) peak widths are known to be closely associated with crystallite sizes. The analysis of peak width is, however, cumbersome owing to the scattering contributions of the amorphous halo and the overlapping of multiple reflections. Valid measurements of the crystallite sizes can only be made when peak overlaps can be properly resolved and separated from the background scatter. Determination of background scattering is the most difficult task and the methods chosen can lead to different results. For instance, crystallite sizes and lattice distortion of the same UHMWPE fibers were different depending upon whether a straight-line background 6 or the Fourier transform background 13 was used. Before the line broadening is computed, corrections for air scattering, white light radiation, sample absorption, Lorentz and polarization, and Compton factors have to be made. Likewise the instrumental broadening which arises from the finite width of the slits, thickness of the sample, divergence of the incident beam and the spectral distribution of energy in the incident radiation has to be eliminated.T...

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“…This third phase is termed the intermediate phase in this work. It was demonstrated by Wunderlich and coworkers [8] that the inclusion of the intermediate phase can lead to a more satisfactory explanation on the structure-property relationship in the PE fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Initial success of applying such a concept and quantitative method at ambient temperature for the structure-property study of PE fibers has been noted [8,10]. In this work the temperature, which is the most important independent variable in thermal analysis, is varied to follow the fusion process of the gel-spun PE fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Variable-temperature study of a gel-spun ultra-high molecular-mass polyethylene fiber by solid state NMR

Cheng¹,

Fone²,

et al. 1996

Journal of Thermal Analysis

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Solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) methods have been applied to study a gel-spun ultra-high molecular-mass polyethylene fiber. The mass fractions of the crystalline (orthorhombie and monoelinie), intermediate, and amorphous phases have been determined at temperatures between 296 and 413 K. The mobility of the polymer chains in the crystalline and the intermediate phases have been measured within the same temperature range, 296--413 K. Discussions on the chain conformation and the rate of motion are carried out based on the 13C chemical shift and spin-lattice relaxation time, respectively.

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Structure-property analysis for gel-spun, ultrahigh molecular mass polyethylene fibers

Cited by 80 publications

References 72 publications

Solid‐state compaction and drawing of nascent reactor powders of ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene

Solid‐state compaction and drawing of nascent reactor powders of ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene

Crystallite Sizes and Lattice Distortions of Gel-Spun Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fibers

Variable-temperature study of a gel-spun ultra-high molecular-mass polyethylene fiber by solid state NMR

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