Structure, synthesis, biosynthesis, and activity of the characteristic compounds from<i>Ginkgo biloba</i>L.

Liu, Xinguang; Lu, Xu; Gao, Wen; Li, Ping; Yang, Hua

doi:10.1039/d1np00026h

Cited by 82 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 323 publications

(669 reference statements)

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“…Compounds 1 – 3 are also constituents of G. biloba , the most valued and ancient among medicinal plants [ 29 ]. The growth inhibitory effects of 1 – 3 isolated from G. biloba were examined on several human cancer cell lines and a normal cell line.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic Activity and Cytotoxic Effects of Compounds Isolated from the Fruits of Ozoroa insignis Del. (Anacardiaceae)

et al. 2021

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Ozoroa insignis Del. is an ethnobotanical plant widely used in traditional medicine for various ailments, including schistosomiasis, tapeworm, and hookworm infections. From the so far not investigated fruits of Ozoroa insignis, the anthelmintic principles could be isolated through bioassay-guided isolation using Caenorhabditis elegans and identified by NMR spectroscopic analysis and mass spectrometric studies. Isolated 6-[8(Z)-pentadecenyl] anacardic (1), 6-[10(Z)-heptadecenyl] anacardic acid (2), and 3-[7(Z)-pentadecenyl] phenol (3) were evaluated against the 5 parasitic organisms Schistosoma mansoni (adult and newly transformed schistosomula), Strongyloides ratti, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Necator americanus, and Ancylostoma ceylanicum, which mainly infect humans and other mammals. Compounds 1–3 showed good activity against Schistosoma mansoni, with compound 1 showing the best activity against newly transformed schistosomula with 50% activity at 1µM. The isolated compounds were also evaluated for their cytotoxic properties against PC-3 (human prostate adenocarcinoma) and HT-29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) cell lines, whereby compounds 2 and 3 showed antiproliferative activity in both cancer cell lines, while compound 1 exhibited antiproliferative activity only on PC-3 cells. With an IC50 value of 43.2 µM, compound 3 was found to be the most active of the 3 investigated compounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic Activity and Cytotoxic Effects of Compounds Isolated from the Fruits of Ozoroa insignis Del. (Anacardiaceae)

et al. 2021

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“…With a reputation as "living fossil", Ginkgo biloba L. has a great variety of biological activities such as anticancer, antioxidant, and improvement of cognitive function [155]. Ginkgolide B, a natural product from Ginkgo biloba L., targeted NOX-4, LOX-1, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 to abrogate ox-LDL-induced oxidative damage in HUVECs [156,157].…”

Section: Ginkgo Biloba Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species in Vascular Complications of Diabetes: Therapeutic Properties of Medicinal Plants and Food

Tan

Cheong

Cheang

2022

Oxygen

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The rising prevalence of chronic metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, most notably associated with cardiovascular diseases, has emerged as a major global health concern. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play physiological functions by maintaining normal cellular redox signaling. By contrast, a disturbed balance occurring between ROS production and detoxification of reactive intermediates results in excessive oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a critical mediator of endothelial dysfunction in obesity and diabetes. Under a hyperglycemic condition, the antioxidant enzymes are downregulated, resulting in an increased generation of ROS. Increases in ROS lead to impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatations by reducing NO bioavailability. Chronic treatments with antioxidants were reported to prevent the development of endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients and animals; however, the beneficial effects of antioxidant treatment in combating vascular complications in diabetes remain controversial as antioxidants do not always reverse endothelial dysfunction in clinical settings. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in research focused on the role of ROS in vascular complications of diabetes and the antioxidant properties of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants and food in animal experiments and clinical studies to provide insights for the development of therapeutic strategies.

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“…Many analyses of ginkgo biloba have been established. They are mostly extracted with methanol or water or their mixtures [ 17 ]. Supercritical fluid extraction [ 18 , 19 ] and pressurized water extraction [ 20 ] are also possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blending Technology Based on HPLC Fingerprint and Nonlinear Programming to Control the Quality of Ginkgo Leaves

Liu

Jin

et al. 2022

Molecules

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The breadth and depth of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) applications have been expanding in recent years, yet the problem of quality control has arisen in the application process. It is essential to design an algorithm to provide blending ratios that ensure a high overall product similarity to the target with controlled deviations in individual ingredient content. We developed a new blending algorithm and scheme by comparing different samples of ginkgo leaves. High-consistency samples were used to establish the blending target, and qualified samples were used for blending. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used as the sample screening method. A nonlinear programming algorithm was applied to calculate the blending ratio under different blending constraints. In one set of calculation experiments, the result was blended by the same samples under different conditions. Its relative deviation coefficients (RDCs) were controlled within ±10%. In another set of calculations, the RDCs of more component blending by different samples were controlled within ±20%. Finally, the near-critical calculation ratio was used for the actual experiments. The experimental results met the initial setting requirements. The results show that our algorithm can flexibly control the content of TCMs. The quality control of the production process of TCMs was achieved by improving the content stability of raw materials using blending. The algorithm provides a groundbreaking idea for quality control of TCMs.

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Structure, synthesis, biosynthesis, and activity of the characteristic compounds fromGinkgo bilobaL.

Abstract: Ginkgo biloba L. is one of the most distinctive plants to have emerged on earth and has no close living relatives.

Cited by 82 publications

References 323 publications

Anthelmintic Activity and Cytotoxic Effects of Compounds Isolated from the Fruits of Ozoroa insignis Del. (Anacardiaceae)

Anthelmintic Activity and Cytotoxic Effects of Compounds Isolated from the Fruits of Ozoroa insignis Del. (Anacardiaceae)

Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species in Vascular Complications of Diabetes: Therapeutic Properties of Medicinal Plants and Food

Blending Technology Based on HPLC Fingerprint and Nonlinear Programming to Control the Quality of Ginkgo Leaves

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