Structured Lipids and Health

Akoh, Casimir C.; Pande, Garima

doi:10.1002/047167849x.bio085

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 158 publications

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“…As a result, "tailor-made" lipids can be obtained with favorable physical characteristics, chemical properties, and nutritional benefits. This structuring can be done through chemical or enzymatic transesterification reactions by altering the composition and distribution of FA in the glycerol molecule [14,[35][36][37][38][39][40]. Lipases can be used in supercritical media (SC) to produce sAG since the increase in the solubility of lipid and hydrophobic substrates in non-polar media produces reverse reactions to hydrolysis, favoring enzymatic synthesis such as esterification, interesterification, alcoholysis and acidolysis [41,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice

et al. 2022

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Obesity is the leading risk factor for developing metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The food industry has an essential role in searching for new strategies to improve primary food sources to revert some of the metabolic alterations induced by obesity. There is consistent evidence that long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) belonging to the n-3 series, i.e., eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3, DHA) acids, could revert some alterations associated with obesity-induced metabolic diseases. A relevant tool is the synthesis of structured acylglycerols (sAG), which include EPA or DHA at the sn-2 position. On the other hand, it has been reported that a crucial role of antioxidants is the reversion of MAFLD. In this work, we studied the effects of new molecules incorporating gallic acid (GA) into EPA/DHA-rich structured lipids. Mice were fed with a high-fat diet (60%) for three months and were then divided into five groups for supplementation with sAG and sAG structured with gallic acid (structured phenolic acylglycerols, sPAG). sPAG synthesis was optimized using a 2²-screening factorial design based on the response surface methodology (RSM). Our results show that treatment of sPAG was effective in decreasing visceral fat, fasting glycemia, fasting insulin, suggesting that this new molecule has a potential use in the reversal of MAFLD-associated alterations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice

et al. 2022

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Conversion of α-linolenic acid into n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: bioavailability and dietary regulation

Wang,

Cheng,

et al. 2024

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Argan Oil as a Rich Source of Linoleic Fatty Acid for Dietetic Structured Lipids Production

Simões

Ferreira

Lemos

et al. 2021

Life

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Argan oil is rich in long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (FA), mostly oleic and linoleic, and natural antioxidants. This study addresses the production of low-calorie structured lipids by acidolysis reaction, in a solvent-free system, between caprylic (C8:0; system I) or capric (C10:0; system II) acids and argan oil, used as triacylglycerol (TAG) source. Three commercial immobilized lipases were tested: Novozym® 435, Lipozyme® TL IM, and Lipozyme® RM IM. Higher incorporation degree (ID) was achieved when C10:0 was used as acyl donor, for all the lipases tested. Lipozyme® RM IM yielded the highest ID for both systems (28.9 ± 0.05 mol.% C10:0, and 11.4 ± 2.2 mol.% C8:0), being the only catalyst able to incorporate C8:0 under the reaction conditions for biocatalyst screening (molar ratio 2:1 FA/TAG and 55 °C). The optimal conditions for Lipozyme® RM IM in system II were found by response surface methodology (66 °C; molar ratio FA/TAG of 4:1), enabling to reach an ID of 40.9 mol.% of C10:0. Operational stability of Lipozyme® RM IM in system II was also evaluated under optimal conditions, after eight consecutive 24 h-batches, with biocatalyst rehydration between cycles. The biocatalyst presented a half-life time of 103 h.

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Structured Lipids and Health

Cited by 4 publications

References 158 publications

Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice

Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice

Conversion of α-linolenic acid into n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: bioavailability and dietary regulation

Argan Oil as a Rich Source of Linoleic Fatty Acid for Dietetic Structured Lipids Production

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