In order to explore the effect of competence-oriented simulated teaching training on vocational theory, practice ability, learning effect, and postcompetence of nursing staff, a total of 107 inservice nursing staff in our hospital from January 2021 to September 2021 are selected and analyzed. They are divided into traditional group and simulated teaching group and received traditional explanation and demonstration training and ability oriented simulated teaching training, respectively. The experimental results show that the scores of vocational theory, practical operation ability, learning effect, and Competency Inventory for Registered Nurse (CIRN) of the simulated teaching group are significantly higher than those of traditional group. It is clearly evident that the competence-oriented simulation teaching method is beneficial to improve the professional theoretical level and practical ability of nursing staff. Also, the training method can improve the comprehensive learning ability and job competence.