Studies of the Aggregation Behavior of Cyclic Gemini Surfactants

Jenkins, Kevin M.; Wettig, Shawn D.; Verrall, R. E.

doi:10.1006/jcis.2001.8162

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Krafft temperatures (T K ) were determined using the specific conductivity method 21 as previously reported. 22 Specific conductivities were measured in a temperature controlled vessel using the conductivity meter described above. Temperature was controlled to AE0.05 1C with a Lauda model RE304 (Lauda, Germany) circulating water bath.…”

Section: Krafft Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and aggregation properties of dissymmetric phytanyl-gemini surfactants for use as improved DNA transfection vectors

Wang

Wettig

2011

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Improvements in transfection efficiency are required in order to make the goal of cellular gene delivery by non-viral vectors realizable. Novel derivatives of gemini surfactants having dissymmetric tail groups have been designed specifically as a means to improve DNA transfection; the micelle and interfacial properties are reported herein. The effect of these substitutions on the aggregation properties of the gemini surfactants is discussed in the context of results for the m-3-m gemini series, previously reported in the literature. Phytanyl substitution results in lower cmc and higher micelle ionization. In addition, the phytanyl substituted gemini surfactants form vesicles at room temperature. Preliminary in vitro transfection assays showed the phytanyl substituted gemini surfactants to be more efficient transfection vectors as compared to symmetric gemini surfactants.

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Section: Krafft Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and aggregation properties of dissymmetric phytanyl-gemini surfactants for use as improved DNA transfection vectors

Wang

Wettig

2011

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…Micelles of bisammonium gemini surfactants with decyl chains and a polymethylene spacer of the length 2-12 CH 2 groups have CMC values in the decimal order of 10 -4 mol/L [13]. Studies of the relationship between the molecular spacer structure and the aggregation of gemini molecules revealed a significant influence of various structural modifications of the spacer (sulfur, oxygen, Nmethylated nitrogen, methylene [14], hydroxy-substituted spacers [15]), the alkyl parts (cyclododecyl chains [16]) or the polar heads (imidazolium heads [17]) on the aggregation properties of gemini surfactants. The aggregation properties of gemini bisammonium surfactants with polymethylene spacers strongly depend on their molecular structure represented by the length of the alkyl chains and the spacer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gemini Surfactants with Polymethylene Spacer: Supramolecular Structures at Solid Surface and Aggregation in Aqueous Solution

Pisárčik

Jampílek

Devı́nsky

et al. 2016

J Surfact & Detergents

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Aggregation of a,x-bisammonium cationic gemini surfactants with a variable polymethylene spacer and two dodecyl chains has been studied on a solid surface and in aqueous solution. Scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering with the time-resolved fluorescence quenching technique were used for the experiments on the solid surface and in aqueous solution, respectively. As the results from the scanning electron microscopy indicate, the morphology of supramolecular structures of gemini surfactants at the solid surface depends on the spacer length. In aqueous solution, gemini surfactants with spacers consisting of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 CH 2 groups form spherical micelles with diameters between 2 and 3.5 nm. Micelles of gemini surfactant with a short ethylene spacer show an increase in size up to 13 nm at the maximum concentration investigated. The aggregation number of micelles determined by time resolved fluorescence quenching was found to be in the range 14-25 for the spacer lengths from 6 to 12 CH 2 groups with only a moderate increase with surfactant concentration. For micelles of gemini surfactants with the short ethylene spacer, the increase of the aggregation number up to 50 at the maximum concentration was observed. The findings support micellar growth of gemini surfactants with short ethylene spacer.

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“…Gemini phosphate surfactants are a kind of anionic surfactant with high surface activity, which have many superior physical and chemical properties such as low critical micelle concentration (CMC) and krafft point, nice compatibility, and preferable water solubility. (Jenkins et al, 2002;Kaznynki, 2003;Seredyuk et al, 2001;Zana, 2002). Recently, the research of Gemini phosphate surfactants mainly focuses on the synthesis method and properties, and not so rich report pay attention on the relationship of structure-performance, especially in the relationship between its structure such as alkyl carbon chain length and the modification of chrome-tanned leather.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Modification of Chrome Tanned Leather by Polyethylene Glycol‐Linked Gemini Fatty Alcohol Phosphate

Qiang

Jian

2020

J Surfact & Detergents

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A series of polyethylene glycol‐linked Gemini fatty alcohol phosphate surfactants (GFAP) were prepared with long chain n‐alkanol (C = 8, 12, 16, 18), polyethylene glycol (PEG‐200, PEG‐400, PEG‐600, PEG‐800, PEG‐1000) and phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3). The structure of the prepared surfactants was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT‐IR). The surfactants were employed for the modification of chrome‐tanned leather. The morphological changes of chrome‐tanned leather and modified chrome‐tanned leather were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The relationship between the alkyl chain length and molecular weight of the PEG and the hydrophobicity, softness, mechanical strength of modified chrome‐tanned leather was also discussed. The experimental results showed that the mechanical strength and softness of modified chrome‐tanned leather were enhanced with an increase of alkyl chain length, while the hydrophobicity, mechanical strength and softness were decreased with an increase of molecular weight of the PEG. The hydrophobicity, mechanical strength and softness of modified chrome‐tanned leather were optimized for an alkyl chain length of 16. Therefore, 16–200 Gemini phosphate surfactants with an alkyl chain length of 16 and a PEG molecular weight of 200 have a good comprehensive modification effect on Chrome‐tanned leather, the tensile strength, tear strength and softness of modified chrome‐tanned leather are 57.07 N mm−2, 79.49 N mm−1, 9.73 mm, respectively.

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Studies of the Aggregation Behavior of Cyclic Gemini Surfactants

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Synthesis and aggregation properties of dissymmetric phytanyl-gemini surfactants for use as improved DNA transfection vectors

Synthesis and aggregation properties of dissymmetric phytanyl-gemini surfactants for use as improved DNA transfection vectors

Gemini Surfactants with Polymethylene Spacer: Supramolecular Structures at Solid Surface and Aggregation in Aqueous Solution

The Modification of Chrome Tanned Leather by Polyethylene Glycol‐Linked Gemini Fatty Alcohol Phosphate

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