Studies on Early Allergic Sensitization in the Lithuanian Birth Cohort

Abstract

Cohort studies are of great importance in defining the mechanism responsible for the development of allergy-associated diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Although these disorders share genetic and environmental risk factors, it is still under debate whether they are linked or develop sequentially along an atopic pathway. The current study was aimed to determine the pattern of allergy sensitization in the Lithuanian birth cohort “Alergemol” (n = 1558) established as a part of the multicenter European birth cohort “EuroPrevall”. Early sensitization to food allergens in the “Alergemol” birth cohort was analysed. The analysis revealed 1.3% and 2.8% of symptomatic-sensitized subjects at 6 and 12 months of age, respectively. The sensitization pattern in response to different allergens in the group of infants with food allergy symptoms was studied using allergological methods in vivo and in vitro. The impact of maternal and environmental risk factors on the early development of food allergy in at 6 and 12 months of age was evaluated. Our data showed that maternal diet, diseases, the use of antibiotics, and tobacco smoke during pregnancy had no significant impact on the early sensitization to food allergens. However, infants of atopic mothers were significantly more often sensitized to egg as compared to the infants of nonatopic mothers.

Sensitization to milk, egg and peanut from birth to 18 years: A longitudinal study of a cohort at risk of allergic disease

“…Around 19.2% of MACS children had egg sensitization at 12 months compared to 6% in the German Multicenter Allergy Study . Although sensitization to cow's milk is known as the most common food allergen during infancy , we found that egg white and peanut were the most common sensitized foods in infancy. Australia has one of the highest prevalences of reported allergic diseases .…”

“…Although the natural history of food sensitization has been described in early childhood , only three studies have investigated this question into late adolescence . The Poole and Odense birth cohorts were restricted by small sample sizes (n = 100 and n = 276, respectively) and did not assess peanut sensitization.…”

“…Several studies have examined the patterns of skin reactivity to food allergens in childhood . However, only three studies have assessed food sensitization up to adolescence and young adulthood .…”

The epidemiology of food allergy in Europe: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Figure shows the PRISMA flowchart for our study selection and screening. Seventy‐five papers (based on 56 primary studies) were included in the narrative synthesis , and 30 studies were included in the meta‐analysis (Fig. ).…”

Food allergens in skincare products marketed for children

“…In our study, wheat and milk-derived ingredients were found in the analysed products; however, it is not possible to correlate these findings due to the disparity of time between the two studies. Further investigations need to be carried out in order to analyse the relation between food ingredients in cosmetic products and the development of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and non-IgE-mediated food allergies in Lithuania 37.…”