Studies on microsomal cytochrome P-450 in resistant and susceptible houseflies

Enzymes Involved in the Metabolism of Plant Allelochemicals

“…House flies, the black blow fly, Phormia regina (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and the flesh fly, Sarcophaga bullata Parker (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) all have higher act i vi ties as adul ts than in the larval stages (Yu and Terriere, 1971;Perry and Buckner, 1970;Terriere and Yu, 1976).…”

Microsomal Oxidation and Insecticide Metabolism

“…In the larval or nymphal stages of several species, consistent rhythmic patterns of activity occur and appear to be closely linked with the molting cycle, activity always being low at the molt and high during the mid-instar period (Benke et al, 1972). Studies on changes in microsomal enzyme activity and cytochrome P450 content occurring during the development of the housefly indicate their ephemeral existence during the larval stage (Perry and Buckner, 1970;Yu and Terriere, 1971).…”

Biological Aspects of Cytochrome P450 and Associated Hydroxylation Reactions

“…It was found that the cyto chrome P450 content and the ability to metabolize insecticides were greater in flies fed milk than in those fed sugar. Correlation was also obtained be tween inhibition of cytochrome P450 by synergists and the potentiation of insecticides against resistant strains [116]. The insect enzyme appears to be very readily converted to cytochrome P420 but in many respects the insect cytochrome P450 shows many of the characteristics of the mammalian hepatic enzyme [64,119].…”

“…They include steroid hormones [90], bile acids [8], drugs [46,47,74], pesticides [17,116,119], hydrocarbons and carcinogens [16,44,108] and fatty acids [23]. The cytochrome is directly implicated in the metabolism of camphor [54,55,117], cannabinoids [81] and gibberellin hormones [105] and as a microsomal peroxidase [65].…”

“…The mixed-function oxidase activity and cytochrome P450 of insects is presently receiving considerable attention with regard principally to the metabolism of pesticides and their synergistic agents [17,116]. Microsomes from whole houseflies hydroxylate naphthalene at a rate of 950 U/kg protein or 3.47 U/jimol cytochrome P450 which is faster than that observed with rat liver microsomes [104].…”