Studies on root anatomy, morphology and physiology of rice grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Abstract

With the changing climate and rainfall abrasions, there is a gradual shift in the system of rice cultivation from traditional transplanted anaerobic to aerobic system. Studies on the root anatomical and morpho-physiological traits provide insights about the adaptation under aerobic conditions. We investigated the root anatomical and morpho-physiological traits in anaerobic (BPT 5204) and aerobic (CR Dhan 202) adapted rice genotypes grown under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. It was observed that the formation of fewer aerenchyma, thickened root and larger xylem area were critical anatomical traits associated with aerobic adaptation as compared to anaerobic conditions. The root length of CR Dhan 202 significantly increased under aerobic condition which may be attributed to its aerobic adaptation in terms of water acquisition. The photosynthetic rate was significantly higher in CR Dhan 202 as compared to that of BPT 5204 under the aerobic condition. The morpho-physiological results showed that the root length, total dry weight and photosynthetic rate are the key parameters for imparting aerobic adaptation. These root anatomical and morpho-physiological traits associated with the adaptation can be used as screening criteria for phenotyping and selection of genotypes suitable for aerobic system of cultivation. Such study is expected to expedite the development of rice aerobic varieties in aerobic breeding programmes.

Biomechanics of Atlas Cedar Roots in response to the Medium Hydromechanical Characteristics

“…It was shown that the deeper root system and the root penetration ability guarantee the acquisition of water and nutrients for the plant [ 8 , 38 , 39 ], and thus the very shallow and narrow root system is effectively decreasing the soil exploration rate [ 18 ]. The effect of the increase in the medium strength and the decrease in the hydraulic properties on the root penetration rate of cedar seedlings was found to be strong (Tables 1 and 4 ).…”

Natural Selection Under Conventional and Organic Cropping Systems Affect Root Architecture in Spring Barley

“…A relevant correlation between the RL and the LMXN could not be observed, most likely due to the impossibility of harvesting the root as a whole under eld conditions. However, several reports noted that water-conducting tissue tend to be smaller, plants tend to develop more LMXN to compensate smaller diameters 48,50,51 . Narrow xylem diameter, particularly in seminal roots, was reported to optimize soil water from deep soil pro le for plant utility, especially during maturation 50 , whereas broad xylem diameter in deep-growing roots were known to also improve the exploration of available water within deep soil horizons 4,52 .…”

“…As OCS lines already tend to produce longer RL, a thick cortical area would extend their tness disadvantages in terms of energy allocations away from the seeds 54 . Moreover, aerenchyma (air cavities that consist of gas-lled spaces) plays a vital role in the long-distance transport of oxygen from the shoots to the root tips which is particularly important in the adaptability and survival of plants particularly under stressful growing condition 51 . Root aerenchyma has been related to improving crop growth in maize plants grown under water-de cit conditions 52,55 .…”

Peningkatan Kualitas Kimia Tanah Sulfat Masam dengan Aplikasi Kombinasi Bahan Organik Lokal dan Limbah Agroindustri

“…Akar berperan penting dalam menyerap hara dan menyimpan asimilatnya serta mengembangkannya menjadi jaringan baru. Morfofisiologis akar berbeda-beda terutama jika dalam fase hidupnya mengalami cekaman biotik maupun abiotik (Phule et al 2019;Karlova et al 2021).…”