Studies on the Effect of Urine on Biogas Production

., M. Shamsul Haque; Haque, Nazmul

doi:10.3329/bjsir.v41i1.257

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…One of the major ingredients used in all activities is bark of Shorea rodusta and mangifera tree which has carbon stock 36.8-50% compared to other regional species (32.4%) (Ragland et al, 1991;Maharjan, 2012). Other major ingredients are cow dung & urine having carbon content of 38.6-42.5% (Haq and Haq, 2006); grains (43.4-44.2%) (Gullett and Touati, 2003;Dhammapala et al, 2006Dhammapala et al, , 2007a; incense matter (43.8 ± 3.3%) (Yang et al, 2007). The resulting C fraction of different burning mixtures of bio/synthetic matters in selected cultural and ritual activities were 52% for MP, 54% for MHS, 63% for BT, and 45% for HT.…”

Section: Emission Factors and Emission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural and Ritual Burning Emission Factors and Activity Levels in India

Pervez

Chakrabarty

Dewangan

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Real-world particulate matter, organic carbon, and elemental carbon (OC and EC) emission measurements were measured for different cultural and ritual burning practices. These were (g/kg): 11.36 (OC), 0.27 (EC) and 31.04 (RPM) for Marriage Events; 27.04 (OC), 0.18 (EC) and 123.82 (RPM) for Muslim Holy Shrines; 25.99 (OC), 0.85 (EC) and 47.93 (RPM) for Buddhist Temples; and 3.47 (OC), 7.96 (EC) and 20.13 (RPM) for Hindu Temples. When projected to reasonable levels of such activities throughout India, the total annual emissions would be 72.38 Gg/yr, comparable to those from transport (165 Gg/yr), power plants (19 Gg/yr), agricultural waste burning (428 Gg/yr) and forest and savannah burning (176 Gg/yr).

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Section: Emission Factors and Emission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural and Ritual Burning Emission Factors and Activity Levels in India

Pervez

Chakrabarty

Dewangan

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…28 The tenacity was expressed as grams/denier. After conditioning the jute samples, they were combed and the fiber aggregates of uniform length were taken and weight and length determined.…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graft Copolymerization with a New Class of Acidic Peroxo Salt IV. Grafting of Acrylamide onto Jute Fiber Using Potassium Monopersulphate: Catalyzed by Fe(II)

Samal

Samantaray

Samal

1986

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:Graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) onto jute fibers has been studied in aqueous solution using a new class of acidic peroxosalt "potassium monopersulphate" as the initiator, under the catalytic influence of Fe(II) in a nitrogen atmosphere. It was observed that the graft yield was influenced by the reaction time, temperature, and concentration of the monomer, initiator, and base polymer. The grafting reaction has also been studied in the presence of a number of salts and organic solvents. The maximum graft yield (75.3%) was observed at 25°C at the concentrations of monomer (1.2 M), initiator (12.9 x 10-3 M), and catalyst (1.0 x 10-3 M) for a reaction time of 4 hours. From the experimental results a suitable mechanism for graft initiation and termination has been suggested.

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“…The OWHB is a mix of human faeces, urine and water. The mix composition follows the results of Haque and Haque [85] and it includes 3 kg of human faeces, 1.9 kg of urine and 0.9 kg of raw water, simulating the one-day living conditions of a five-person family. Such a substrate is crushed mechanically to ensure homogeneity.…”

Section: Characterisation Of Bio Digester and Owhbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas Micro-Production from Human Organic Waste—A Research Proposal

et al. 2018

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Organic waste (OW) management tackles the problem of sanitation and hygiene in developing countries and humanitarian camps where unmanaged waste often causes severe health problems and premature death. OW still has a usable energy content, allowing biogas production, potentially contributing to satisfy the local needs, e.g., cooking, lighting and heating. Digesters are the devices converting OW into biogas under anaerobic conditions. They are simple and effective solutions for the OW management in rural areas, humanitarian camps and remote developing regions, producing energy and fertilizers for local farming as residual. This paper describes the design and lab-test of a domestic OW management system integrating a waterless toilet with a small-scale digester producing safe biogas for local micro-consumption. Starting from people's needs and an extensive review of the current state-of-art technology, the proposed system's key innovation and strength is the combination of effectiveness and a very simple construction, set up and use, fitting with the rural conditions and raw materials available within the emerging countries. A small-scale prototype is assembled and lab-tested assessing the quantity-i.e., productivity-and quality-i.e., composition and methane content-of the produced biogas. The measured productivity in terms of specific biogas production (SBP) is of about 0.15 m 3 /kg SV and a methane content of about 74% in mass match the energy needs of domestic users, encouraging the spread of such systems in developing regions and rural areas.

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Studies on the Effect of Urine on Biogas Production

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Cultural and Ritual Burning Emission Factors and Activity Levels in India

Cultural and Ritual Burning Emission Factors and Activity Levels in India

Graft Copolymerization with a New Class of Acidic Peroxo Salt IV. Grafting of Acrylamide onto Jute Fiber Using Potassium Monopersulphate: Catalyzed by Fe(II)

Biogas Micro-Production from Human Organic Waste—A Research Proposal

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