Study of ion–solvent interactions and activation energy of LiBr in DMSO, H2O and DMSO–H2O mixtures at various temperatures

Abstract

The Jones-Dole B coefficients of the electrolyte Lithium bromide (LiBr), reference salts tetra butyl ammonium tetra phenyl borate (BU 4 NBPh 4 ), tetra butyl ammonium bromide (BU 4 NBr), and potassium chloride (KCl) in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), water, and DMSO-water mixtures were obtained at different temperatures range from 25 to 45°C For this, the relative viscosities were measured for Lithium bromide (LiBr) and reference salts in DMSO, water, and DMSO-water mixtures at above-mentioned temperatures. The B coefficients of these electrolytes were behaved as structure makers in DMSO, while in H 2 O and DMSO-H 2 O mixtures, the B-coefficient values were less positive showing the weak structure-making effect. Ionic viscosity B coefficients allow us to assess the behavior of ions in the solvent mixtures. In this study it was observed that all the values of ionic B coefficient of (Li + ) were positive and small showing the weak structure-making effects. It was also observed that Br − ions maintain negative B coefficient values in all DMSO-H 2 O mixtures, except in 60% DMSO mole fraction. From this it can be concluded that Br − ion behaved as a structure breaker in water and in all DMSO-H 2 O mixtures except in 60% DMSO mole fraction mixtures. The low B ± values of alkali metal ions and Br − ions in water are due to the breakdown of the tetrahedral structural of water and the formation of strongly structured solvated ion. It is also observed that the values of the energy of activation of the flow for LiBr are greater in DMSO-water mixtures and in pure water than in DMSO. This may be due the presence of a network of hydrogen bonds which cause the hindrance in the flow of the solution of LiBr in DMSO-water mixtures and in pure water than in DMSO.

Viscosity and Thermodynamic Properties of Alkali Metal Bromides in the Presence of Acetonitrile, 3-Hydroxypropionitrile and Acetonitrile + 3-Hydroxypropionitrile Mixture at Various Temperatures

“…It is also observed that viscosities of solutions increased with the increase of electrolyte concentration which is a common feature in most non-aqueous solvents and also in the mixture of non-aqueous solvents [15].…”

Densities and Viscosities of Rubidium Bromide in Dimethyl Sulfoxide + Water Mixtures in the Temperature Range t = (25 to 45) °C

“…This salt was also recovered after a set of measurements by precipitation from the DMSO solution using water. Bu 4 NBr was purified by the methods reported in our previous work . Tetrabutylammonium bromide (Aldrich) with a melting point of 103 °C was recrystallized from benzene and n -hexane.…”

Study of Physical Properties for Sodium acetate with Water and Water - Acetone mixtures at Different Temperatures

“…As the temperature increased, more molecules are able to escape from the potential wells provided by their neighbors and so the solution becomes more fluid. The observed value of viscosity increased with increasing sodium acetate concentration due to the increase of the intermolecular forces which cause to resist in flow process [15]. The viscosity data has been analyzed using the JonesDole equation [16]: ( 7 ) A perusal of Table 6 shows that the values of the (A) coefficient decrease with the increase in percentage of acetone in the mixtures under study and decrease with the increase in temperature for water and increase with the increase in temperature for almost water-acetone mixtures.…”