Study of physiologic specialization in Plasmodiophora brassicae: Proposals for attempted rationalization through an international approach

Buczacki, S. T.; Toxopeus, H.; Mattusch, P.; Johnston, T. D.; Dixon, G. R.; Hobolth, L.A.

doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(75)80013-1

Cited by 297 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Heterogeneity of the P. brassicae population was confirmed using singlespore derived isolates (Jones and Ingram, 1982;Manzanares et al, 1996). Various classification methods of clubroot isolates have been established using different indicator plants (Buczacki et al, 1975;Crute et al, 1980;Williams, 1966). Kuginuki et al (1999) and Hatakeyama et al (2004) proposed the classification system for P. brassicae using F 1 cultivars of Chinese cabbage as differential hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of Three Clubroot Resistance Genes through Marker-assisted Selection in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis).

Matsumoto¹,

Ueno

Aruga

et al. 2012

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Many clubroot resistant (CR) cultivars of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) have been bred so far, but their usage is limited because the capacity for resistance breaks down with time. This degradation is caused by a pathogenic variation in the causal fungus Plasmodiophora brassicae. We attempted to accumulate 3 CR genes, CRa, CRk, and CRc, through marker-assisted selection. Five doubled haploid CR lines with an individual CR locus were used as breeding materials. The CR lines were crossed with each other. A subsequent selection for resistance was performed using sequence characterized amplified region markers in segregating generations. As a result, 4 homozygous lines for 3 resistance genes and the F 1 hybrids between them were developed. CR pyramiding lines were inoculated with 6 field isolates of P. brassicae. The homozygous lines for 3 CR genes, whether selfed or crossed, exhibited exceedingly high resistance against all of the isolates. Morphological characters of F 1 hybrids were comparable to those of a control cultivar, but the degree of heterosis was less than expected, which is probably because of genetic similarity of the parents. The results of this study prove that clubroot resistance can be reinforced through the accumulation of varied resistance genes in B. rapa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of Three Clubroot Resistance Genes through Marker-assisted Selection in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis).

Matsumoto¹,

Ueno

Aruga

et al. 2012

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…1b). The remaining two samples originated from the central-west region of the agricultural plain, where clubroot symptoms on oilseed rape are much less Williams (1966) b Somé et al (1996) c European Clubroot Differential (ECD) set (Buczacki et al 1975) common. Prior to testing, the soil pH was measured with soil pH-meters (Hanna instruments, HI 98128 for the Czech soil samples; Draminski Ltd. for the Polish soil samples).…”

Section: Pathogen Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the most commonly used are the classification system of Williams (1966), which consists of four differential hosts that can distinguish a maximum of 16 pathotypes, the European Clubroot Differential (ECD) set (Buczacki et al 1975) consisting of 15 differentials in three subsets of hosts (B. rapa, B. napus, and B. oleracea), and the differential system of Somé et al (1996), with three hosts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study revealed seven pathotypes as classified by Williams (1966), with pathotype 7 as most common. Use of the ECD set (Buczacki et al 1975) allowed identification of 35 pathotypes in the Czech Republic, with 16/15/31 as the most frequent pathotype (Rod 1994). Similarly, a study on B. oleracea performed in Poland by Robak (1991) showed pathotype 7 as most common, according to the classification of Williams (1966), followed by race 2 and race 4 in minor quantities.…”

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Pathotypes of Plasmodiophora brassicae causing damage to oilseed rape in the Czech Republic and Poland

et al. 2016

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Winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is an important crop in the Czech Republic and Poland. Clubroot disease caused by the pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae is a serious and still-growing problem for oilseed rape growers in both countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathotype composition of P. brassicae populations from the Czech Republic and Poland, according to the three evaluation systems, and to determine soil inoculum loads for representative fields via traditional end-point PCR as well as quantitative PCR analysis. There were considerable differences between the populations of P. brassicae from both countries, and the number of pathotypes varied depending on the evaluation system and the threshold used to distinguish susceptible vs. resistant plant reactions. This is the first study comparing the effect of different thresholds. Using an index of disease (ID) of 25 % to distinguish susceptible vs. resistant reactions, there was a total of seven pathotypes identified based on the differentials of Williams, five with the system of Somé et al., and 18 with the European Clubroot Differential (ECD) set. However, based on a threshold of 50 %, there were nine pathotypes according to the evaluation system by Williams, four based on the differentials of Somé et al., and 15 with the ECD set. Changing of the thresholds led to the reclassification of some pathotypes. Several pathotypes were common in both countries. High amounts of pathogen DNA were found in many of the field soils analysed by quantitative PCR. There was a weak correlation between soil pH and infestation of P. brassicae for the Polish soils.

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“…This isolate has the lowest virulence among the National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science (NIVTS) pathogen stock and has been maintained by infection of a Chinese cabbage cultivar 'Muso'. Because it showed intermediate reactions for the differential hosts of Williams (1966) and the European Clubroot Differential (ECD) set (Buczacki et al 1975), the race number and the ECD code of this isolate could not be determined (Suwabe et al 2006).…”

Section: Test For Clubroot Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and evaluation of clubroot resistance of radish chromosome using a Brassica napus-Raphanus sativus monosomic addition line

et al. 2009

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Clubroot resistance (CR) against the Ano-01 isolate of the clubroot pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae for individual radish chromosomes was evaluated using 9 types (a-i) of Brassica napus-Raphanus sativus monosomic addition lines (MALs) produced from the progenies of the hybridization of B. napus (2n = 38, AACC) and Raphanobrassica 'Rb-63' (2n = 36, RRCC). Among the 9 types of MAL, the c-type showed high resistance, although other types and reverted plants with somatic chromosomes like B. napus (2n = 38) were susceptible. This result suggested that a major CR gene against the Ano-01 isolate may be located on the radish c-chromosome. However, it was also assumed that there might be other CR gene(s) in radish because many c-type MAL plants showed slight disease symptoms.

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Study of physiologic specialization in Plasmodiophora brassicae: Proposals for attempted rationalization through an international approach

Cited by 297 publications

References 14 publications

Accumulation of Three Clubroot Resistance Genes through Marker-assisted Selection in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis).

Accumulation of Three Clubroot Resistance Genes through Marker-assisted Selection in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis).

Pathotypes of Plasmodiophora brassicae causing damage to oilseed rape in the Czech Republic and Poland

Identification and evaluation of clubroot resistance of radish chromosome using a Brassica napus-Raphanus sativus monosomic addition line

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