Study of Pulmonary Function and Chest Radiographic Abnormalities in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the important contributors for morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. There is paucity of reliable published data on burden of lung disease in RA patients from Andhra Pradesh, India. Materials and methods: This was an observational study in which 88 patients were evaluated. History and clinical features, including diseaseseverity score, imaging, and pulmonary function tests were recorded. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The mean age was 49.4 ± 10.3 years. Females outnumbered males. Disease duration was less than 2 years in 60.2% of subjects. Respiratory complaints were noted in 12 patients. Seropositivity was noted in 59% of patients. Based on Disease Activity Score 28, high disease activity was seen in 70.5%, moderate activity in 25%, remission in 3.4%, and low activity in 1.1%. Chest radiography showed abnormalities in 4.5%. Pulmonary function tests revealed abnormalities in 23.9% of patients. High disease activity, duration of disease, and seropositivity were not significantly associated with respiratory abnormalities in our study. Conclusion:Patients with RA should be evaluated for pulmonary involvement during their routine follow-up, which can be helpful in early detection and intervention of ILD and therefore reducing morbidity and mortality.