Study of the Bacterial Load in a Gelatine Production Process Focussed on Bacillus and Related Endosporeforming Genera

Clerck, Elke De; Vos, Paul De

doi:10.1078/07232020260517751

Cited by 49 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to confirming FAME identifications, ARDRA enabled nine additional identifications at the species level. ARDRA clusters 4,6,7,8,24,28,29, and 30 and strain R-6443 were identified as Bacillus smithii, B. circulans, Bacillus oleronius, B. sporothermodurans, Brevibacillus brevis, Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus, Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus, Virgibacillus proomii and Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus, respectively ( Table 4). The strains in ARDRA clusters 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, and 24 grouped together with the type strain of the respective species analyzed simultaneously in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 16,6,8, and 36 isolates of raw milk, the milking equipment, green crop, and fodder, respectively, could not be analyzed since they failed to grow according to the prescribed growth conditions for FAME analysis. These isolates were not further considered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soiling of the udder and teats is considered one of the most important factors in the contamination of raw milk by spores (49). High levels of aerobic spores, ranging from 10 to Ͼ10 5 CFU g Ϫ1 , were found in silage (41), and levels of 10 3 to 10 6 CFU g Ϫ1 were found in feed concentrate (47). When animals consume feed contaminated with spore-forming bacteria, large quantities of spores can be present in their feces which in turn can contaminate the udders and teats.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Incidence and Diversity of Potentially Highly Heat-Resistant Spores Isolated at Dairy Farms

Scheldeman

Pil

Herman

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

Self Cite

122

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The presence of highly heat-resistant spores of Bacillus sporothermodurans in ultrahigh-temperature or sterilized consumer milk has emerged as an important item in the dairy industry. Their presence is considered undesirable since they hamper the achievement of commercial sterility requirements. By using a selective 30-min heat treatment at 100°C, 17 Belgian dairy farms were screened to evaluate the presence, sources, and nature of potentially highly heat-resistant spores in raw milk. High numbers of these spores were detected in the filter cloth of the milking equipment and in green crop and fodder samples. About 700 strains were isolated after the selective heating, of which 635 could be screened by fatty acid methyl ester analysis. Representative strains were subjected to amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, percent G؉C content, and DNA-DNA reassociations for further identification. The strain collection showed a remarkable diversity, with representatives of seven aerobic spore-forming genera. Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pallidus were the most predominant species overall. Twenty-three percent of the 603 spore-forming isolates proved to belong to 18 separate novel species. These findings suggest that the selective heating revealed a pool of unknown organisms with a higher heat-resistant character. This study showed that high spore counts can occur at the dairy farm and that feed and milking equipment can act as reservoirs or entry points for potentially highly heat-resistant spores into raw milk. Lowering this spore load by good hygienic measures could probably further reduce the contamination level of raw milk, in this way minimizing the aerobic spore-forming bacteria that could lead to spoilage of milk and dairy products. Assessment and characterization of this particular flora are of great importance to allow the dairy or food industry to adequately deal with newly arising microbiological problems.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Incidence and Diversity of Potentially Highly Heat-Resistant Spores Isolated at Dairy Farms

Scheldeman

Pil

Herman

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

Self Cite

122

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to a detailed analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences of more than 2600 Bacillus strains, our isolates fall into cluster 9, together with several so far non-described strains [23]. Most of these strains were found as numerically dominant representatives of the cultivable community in Dutch grassland soils [8], anoxic rice paddy soil [4], pasture soil [34], farm soil [47], or contaminated gelatine preparations [5]. Obviously, representatives of cluster 9 are widespread in nature and rather numerous in various environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus stamsii sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic sugar degrader that is numerically dominant in freshwater lake sediment

Müller

Scherag

Pester

et al. 2015

Systematic and Applied Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tA novel type of anaerobic bacteria was previously isolated from profundal lake sediment by direct dilution of the sediment in mineral agar medium containing glucose and a background lawn of Methanospirillum hungatei as a syntrophic partner. The isolated bacteria grouped with aerobic Bacillus spp. according to their 16S rRNA gene sequence, and the most closely related species is Bacillus thioparans. Fermentative growth of the novel strain with glucose was possible only in the presence of syntrophic partners, and cocultures produced acetate and methane, in some cases also lactate and traces of succinate as fermentation products. In contrast, the closely related strains Bacillus jeotgali and Bacillus sp. strain PeC11 are able to grow with glucose axenically by mixed acid fermentation yielding lactate, acetate, formate, succinate, and ethanol as fermentation products. Alternatively, the isolated strain grew anaerobically in pure culture if pyruvate was added to glucose-containing media, and lactate, acetate and formate were the major fermentation products, but the strain never produced ethanol. Aerobic growth was found with a variety of organic substrates in the presence of partly reduced sulfur compounds. In the absence of sulfide and oxygen, nitrate served as an electron acceptor. Strain BoGlc83 was characterized as the type strain of a new species for which the name Bacillus stamsii sp. nov. (DSM 19598 = JCM 30025) is proposed.

show abstract

“…A description of Candlemas Island is given by Logan et al (2002). Strain R-11600 (=B2765), isolated from a gelatin extract of bovine bones (De Clerck & De Vos, 2002), was included in the study because of its high similarity in 16S rDNA sequence to LMG 18419 T , the type strain of P. cookii. This gelatin strain was isolated on a medium the composition of which was based on the gelatin extract that was collected at the point of sampling.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paenibacillus cineris sp. nov. and Paenibacillus cookii sp. nov., from Antarctic volcanic soils and a gelatin-processing plant

Logan

Clerck

Lebbe

et al. 2004

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seven strains of aerobic, endospore-forming bacteria were found in soil taken from an active fumarole on Lucifer Hill, Candlemas Island, South Sandwich archipelago, Antarctica, and four strains were from soil of an inactive fumarole at the foot of the hill. Amplified rDNA restriction analysis, 16S rDNA sequence comparisons, SDS-PAGE and routine phenotypic tests support the proposal of two novel species of Paenibacillus, Paenibacillus cineris sp. nov. and Paenibacillus cookii sp. nov., the type strains of which are LMG 18439T (=CIP 108109T) and LMG 18419T (=CIP 108110T), respectively. A further strain, isolated from a gelatin-production process, showed more than 99 % 16S rDNA sequence similarity to the proposed P. cookii type strain and, although the gelatin isolate was atypical when compared with the fumarole isolates by repeated element primed-PCR, SDS-PAGE and phenotypic analyses, it was shown by DNA–DNA reassociation studies to belong to the same species. Strains of P. cookii produce spreading growth with motile microcolonies. Both species produce swollen sporangia that are typical for the genus, they both show 97·6 % 16S rDNA sequence similarity to Paenibacillus azoreducens, they have 51·5–51·6 mol% G+C in their DNA and their major fatty acid is anteiso-C15 : 0; however, fatty acids C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 represent, respectively, 18 and 10 % of the total in P. cineris, but 11 and 20 % in P. cookii.

show abstract

Study of the Bacterial Load in a Gelatine Production Process Focussed on Bacillus and Related Endosporeforming Genera

Cited by 49 publications

References 25 publications

Incidence and Diversity of Potentially Highly Heat-Resistant Spores Isolated at Dairy Farms

Incidence and Diversity of Potentially Highly Heat-Resistant Spores Isolated at Dairy Farms

Bacillus stamsii sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic sugar degrader that is numerically dominant in freshwater lake sediment

Paenibacillus cineris sp. nov. and Paenibacillus cookii sp. nov., from Antarctic volcanic soils and a gelatin-processing plant

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About