Study of the behaviour of a bubble in an electric field: steady shape and local fluid motion

A study of nucleate boiling and critical heat flux with EHD enhancement

“…Zaghdoudi and Lallemand [23] calculated the steady, creeping electroconvection around a bubble immersed uniform electric field for all ratios of the permittivity and conductivity in the liquid and vapour. For transient 4 processes in liquids with finite electrical conductivity, it is generally argued that the accumulation of free charges on the interfaces of bubbles requires that the charge relaxation time of the liquid be small compared to the characteristic time for processes such as bubble growth and detachment.…”

“…For transient 4 processes in liquids with finite electrical conductivity, it is generally argued that the accumulation of free charges on the interfaces of bubbles requires that the charge relaxation time of the liquid be small compared to the characteristic time for processes such as bubble growth and detachment. Some typical values for  for liquids boiling at atmospheric pressure taken from recent papers [23][24][25][26] are given in Table 1. They are often quoted from one reference to the next and are rarely measured in boiling experiments.…”

Nucleate Pool Boiling Under Dc Electric Field

“…Furthermore, the electrostriction force acts on the liquidvapor interface as a pressure term. In order to study the electric force effect on an interface between two phases, the electric force f v can be expressed as a stress by using Gauss's theorem as follows [11]:…”

“…The liquid-vapor interface is submitted to the resultant of two stresses (Figure 1), that is, Rearranging this equation yields the following expressions for the normal and tangential components of the electric stress [11]:…”

“…The importance of EHD-enhanced boiling for technological applications is widely recognized, and many recent researches have been carried out in particular focused on refrigerating unit performance [5][6][7]. Several fundamental studies [8][9][10][11] have been carried out in the past and are being undertaken at present in order to understand the phenomena occurring. In these studies, the electric eld effects on the bubbles have been particularly studied because it is believed that the change in the bubble behavior in the presence of an electric eld is one of the main reasons for the nucleate heat transfer enhancement.…”