Study of the correlation between blood cholinesterases activity, urinary dialkyl phosphates, and the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in rats exposed to disulfoton

Abstract

Organophosphates (OPs) are widely used as pesticides, and its urinary metabolites as well as the blood cholinesterases (ChEs) activity have been reported as possible biomarkers for the assessment of this pesticide exposure. Moreover, the OPs can induce mutagenesis, and the bone marrow micronucleus test is an efficient way to assess this chromosomal damage. This paper reports a study carried out to verify the correlation among the disulfoton exposure, blood ChEs activity, urinary diethyl thiophosphate (DETP), and diethyl dithiophosphate (DEDTP), as well as micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) frequency. Four groups of rats (n=12) were exposed to disulfoton at 0, 2.8, 4.7, and 6.6 mg kg -1 body weight. The blood ChEs activity, urinary DETP and DEDTP concentrations, and MNPCEs frequency were determined. It was observed that the plasmatic and erythrocytary ChEs activity decreased from 2.9% to 0.5% and from 35.9 to 3.3%, respectively, when the disulfoton dose was increased from 0 to 6.6 mg kg -1 (correlation of 0.99). Urinary DETP and DEDTP concentrations, as well as the MNPCEs frequency, increased from 0 to 6.58 µg mL -1 , from 0 to 0.04 µg mL -1 , and from 0 to 1.4%, respectively, when the disulfoton dose was increased from 0 to 6.58 mg kg -1 body weight.Uniterms: Pesticides/exposure study. Organophosphate/exposure study. Disulfoton/exposure. Dialkyl phosphate/urinary excretion. Blood cholinesterase. Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes/frequency.Os organofosforados (OPs) são amplamente usados como praguicidas e a atividade da colinesterase sanguínea bem como os metabólitos urinários desses praguicidas têm sido reportados como biomarcadores eficazes para avaliar casos de exposição. Além disso, os OPs podem induzir mutagênese e o teste de micronúcleo de medula óssea é uma boa alternativa para avaliar os danos cromossômicos. Esse artigo reporta um estudo sobre a correlação entre a exposição a dissulfoton, a atividade da colinesterase sanguínea, a excreção urinária de dietil tiofosfato e dietil ditiofosfato e a frequência de micronúcleos em eritrócitos policromáticos. Quatro grupos de ratos (n=12) foram expostos a dissulfotom nas doses de 0, 2,8, 4,7, e 6,6 mg kg -1 de peso corpóreo. A atividade da colinesterase sanguínea as concentrações urinárias de dietil tiofosfato e dietil ditiofosfato e a frequência de micronúcleos foram determinadas. Os resultados demonstraram que as atividades da colinesterase plasmática e eritrocitária diminuíram de 2,9 para 0,5% e de 35,9 para 3,3% , respectivamente, quando a dose de dissulfoton foi aumentada de 0 para 6,6 mg kg -1 (correlação de 0,99). As concentrações urinárias de dietil tiofosfato e dietil ditiofosfato bem como a frequência de micronúcleos aumentaram de 0 a 6,56 µg mL -1 , 0 a 0.04 µg mL -1 e de 0 a 1.4%, respectivamente, quando a dose de dissulfotom foi aumentada de 0 a 6,58 mg kg -1 .Unitermos: Pesticidas/exposição. Organofosforados/exposição. Dissulfoton/exposição. Dialquil fosfatos/ excreção urinária. Colinesterase sanguínea. Eritrócitos policromáti...

Assessment of Pesticide Content in Apples and Selected Citrus Fruits Subjected to Simple Culinary Processing

“…This pesticide has a highly toxic effect in the case of ingestion or absorption through the peel. In the case of long-term exposure, it may have mutagenic effects and cause incorrect synthesis of DNA in fibroblasts [62,63]. The Directive of the European Commission 2003/14/EC of 10 February 2003, amending Directive 91/321/EEC on preparations for infants and related preparations [64], does not allow the use of disulfoton in agricultural raw materials for the production of infant food.…”