Study of the lithium insertion and de-insertion in perovskite praseodymium bismuth lithium titanate

Comparison of the electrical properties of the new conductor Pr0.5Bi0.05Li0.35TiO3 prepared by sol–gel and ceramic methods

“…The ceramic samples were obtained by a previous method [8,9]. Besides the reported quenching to room temperature in the final stage, some samples were allowed to cool slowly.…”

“…The system RE 0.5+x-y Bi y Li 0.5-3x TiO 3 with RE: La [7] and Pr [8,9] has been reported. The materials were prepared using a ceramic method and showed perovskite-like structure and lithium conductivity.…”

Crystal Structure and Electrical Properties of La<sub>0.45</sub>Ce<sub>0.1</sub>Li<sub>0.27</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> Synthesized by Sol-Gel Technique

“…The obtained bulk conductivity at 25˚C ( RT ) of Ce(IV) doped solid (4.67 × 10 -4 S•cm -1 ) is in order of the maximum value previously reported for tetragonal LLTO with x = 0.1, which varies between 1.1 × 10 -3 [3] or 3.9 × 10 -4 S•cm -1 [21]. For increasing this conductivity value must be higher the concentration of carriers, in this case, lithium ions [17]. These results suggest that rising the Li content in the composition of Ce(IV) doped solid, if it was permitted by the nature of solid solution in this system, the conduction property of material could be improved.…”

“…This correspondence in the calculated ratios and the nominal composition suggest that Ce remains with the 4+ oxidation state. Moreover, the presence of different oxidation states of Ce change the color of sample to dark [17]. Figure 3 shows an impedance plot measured at 20˚C, where three different processes can be observed.…”

“…The precursor powder obtained was ground up, pressed into 13 mm disk pellets and placed in Pt crucibles. The sample was covered with isocompositional powder and closed with Pt foil in order to prevent evaporation of lithium compounds [12,15,[17][18][19]. The sample was heated for reacting and sintering at 15˚C/min up to 1100˚C, at which temperature stood for 2 hours.…”