Study of the Protective Activity of Chitosan Hydrolyzate Against Septoria Leaf Blotch of Wheat and Brown Spot of Tobacco

Shagdarova, Balzhima; Ilyina, A. V.; Лопатин, С. А.; Карташов, М. Ю.; Arslanova, L. R.; Dzhavakhiya, V. G.; Варламов, В. П.

doi:10.1134/s0003683818010118

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…F. culmorum stock cultures of the fungi maintained on potato dextrose agar slants were resumed by culturing for 10–14 days in Petri plates on the same medium to obtain spore-producing colonies. Suspensions of fungal conidia for inoculations of wheat seeds with F. culmorum and detached wheat leaves with P. nodorum were prepared according to Shcherbakova et al (2018) and Shagdarova et al (2018) , respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to determine thymol concentrations, which did not injure wheat leaves but produced a minor disease-suppression effect ( Table 1 ), detached wheat leaves were treated as described previously ( Shagdarova et al, 2018 ). Briefly, P. nodorum spores were suspended to a final concentration of 10 6 conidia/ml in 1% aqueous DMSO or thymol (from 10 to 5000 ppm) dissolved in 1% DMSO.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An additional plate, in which both distal and basal locations on each of 10 leaf fragment were inoculated with pathogenic conidia in SDW, was prepared to confirm that they was able to cause the water or 1% DMSO for fungicide or thymol, respectively (see section "Materials and Methods," "Detached Leaf Assay"). A five score rating scale (1 -small dark lesions; 2 -dark-brown clearly bordered spots, leaf tissue remains green; 3 -light-brown or brown growing spots edged with chlorosis; 4 -light-brown or brown, pycnid formation) was used (Shagdarova et al, 2018).…”

Section: Detached Leaf Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studying the Ability of Thymol to Improve Fungicidal Effects of Tebuconazole and Difenoconazole Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi in Seed or Foliar Treatments

et al. 2021

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Thymol, a secondary plant metabolite possessing antifungal and chemosensitizing activities, disrupts cell wall or membrane integrity and interferes with ergosterol biosynthesis. Thymol also functions as a redox-active compound inducing generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in fungal cells. Previously, we showed thymol significantly enhanced the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of difenoconazole against Bipolaris sorokiniana and Parastagonospora nodorum. More recently, we demonstrated a possibility to use thymol to overcome the resistance of a P. nodorum strain able to grow on difenoconazole-containing media. However, potential for thymol to serve as a chemosensitizing agent in seed or plant treatments, to provide an effective suppression of the above-mentioned plant pathogens by triazole fungicides applied in lowered dosages, had yet to be tested. In the work presented here, we showed combined treatments of naturally infected barley seeds with thymol and difenoconazole (Dividend® 030 FS) synergistically exacerbated the protective effect against common root rot agent, B. sorokiniana, and other fungi (Fusarium spp. and Alternaria spp.). Similarly, co-applied treatment of wheat seeds, artificially inoculated with Fusarium culmorum, resulted in equivalent reduction of disease incidence on barley seedlings as application of Dividend®, alone, at a ten-fold higher dosage. In foliar treatments of wheat seedlings, thymol combined with Folicur® 250 EC (a.i. tebuconazole) enhanced sensitivity of P. nodorum, a glume/leaf blotch pathogen, to the fungicide and provided a significant mitigation of disease severity on treated seedlings, compared to controls, without increasing Folicur® dosages. Folicur® co-applied with thymol was also significantly more effective against a strain of P. nodorum tolerant to Folicur® alone. No additional deoxynivalenol or zearalenone production was found when a toxigenic F. culmorum was cultured in a nutrient medium containing thymol at a concentration used for chemosensitization of root rot agents. Accordingly, F. culmorum exposure to thymol at the sensitizing concentration did not up-regulate key genes associated with the biosynthesis of trichothecene or polyketide mycotoxins in this pathogen. Further studies using field trials are necessary to determine if thymol-triazole co-applications result in sensitization of seed- and foliar-associated plant pathogenic fungi, and if thymol affects production of fusarial toxins under field conditions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detached Leaf Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studying the Ability of Thymol to Improve Fungicidal Effects of Tebuconazole and Difenoconazole Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi in Seed or Foliar Treatments

et al. 2021

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“…By this method, chitosan acetate, formate, glycolate, succinate, lactate, chloride, and citrate were obtained with a MW of ≈165 kDa. Lab scale method: Chitosan acetate of 20 and 65 kDa samples were obtained by chemical hydrolysis in a nitric acid. [ 58 ] To get the samples with the weight of 80 kDa, a fermentative hydrolysis [ 59 ] was applied and for the samples with MW of 200 and 700 kDa precipitation purification was performed. For this, 1% solution of chitosan in 1% acetic acid was prepared, and then this solution was centrifuged at 5,000 rpm for 10 min to separate undissolved precipitate followed by adding of 12% solution of NH 4 OH to tune the pH value to 8.5.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Lithography for Delicate Materials

Grebenko

Bubis

Motovilov

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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A variety of unconventional materials, including biological nanostructures, organic and hybrid semiconductors, as well as monolayer, and other low‐dimensional systems, are actively explored. They are usually incompatible with standard lithographic techniques that use harsh organic solvents and other detrimental processing. Here, a new class of green and gentle lithographic resists, compatible with delicate materials and capable of both top‐down and bottom‐up fabrication routines is developed. To demonstrate the excellence of this approach, devices with sub‐micron features are fabricated on organic semiconductor crystals and individual animal's brain microtubules. Such structures are created for the first time, thanks to the genuinely water‐based lithography, which opens an avenue for the thorough research of unconventional delicate materials at the nanoscale.

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“…Beneficial results were also obtained with chitosan hydrolyzate, which contained low-molecularweight chitosan and its oligomer. It has been shown that a hydrolyzate concentration of 200 µg/mL causes total inhibition of Septoria leaf blotch of wheat [118]. Furthermore, measurements were also carried out on wheat using chitosan and its derivatives (Chit-V) as well as vanillin-modified chitosan.…”

Section: Pathogen and Disease Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Using Chitosan on Cereal Crops in the Face of Climate Change

Kocięcka

Liberacki

2021

Plants

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This review presents the main findings from measurements carried out on cereals using chitosan, its derivatives, and nanoparticles. Research into the use of chitosan in agriculture is growing in popularity. Since 2000, 188 original scientific articles indexed in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases have been published on this topic. These have focused mainly on wheat (34.3%), maize (26.3%), and rice (24.2%). It was shown that research on other cereals such as millets and sorghum is scarce and should be expanded to better understand the impact of chitosan use. This review demonstrates that this chitosan is highly effective against the most dangerous diseases and pathogens for cereals. Furthermore, it also contributes to improving yield and chlorophyll content, as well as some plant growth parameters. Additionally, it induces excellent resistance to drought, salt, and low temperature stress and reduces their negative impact on cereals. However, further studies are needed to demonstrate the full field efficacy of chitosan.

show abstract

Study of the Protective Activity of Chitosan Hydrolyzate Against Septoria Leaf Blotch of Wheat and Brown Spot of Tobacco

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Studying the Ability of Thymol to Improve Fungicidal Effects of Tebuconazole and Difenoconazole Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi in Seed or Foliar Treatments

Studying the Ability of Thymol to Improve Fungicidal Effects of Tebuconazole and Difenoconazole Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi in Seed or Foliar Treatments

Green Lithography for Delicate Materials

The Potential of Using Chitosan on Cereal Crops in the Face of Climate Change

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