Study of the pyroelectric behavior of BaTi1−x Sn x O3 piezo-ceramics

Movchikova, A. A.; Malyshkina, O. V.; Suchaneck, G.; Gerlach, Gerald; Steinhausen, R.; Langhammer, H. T.; Pientschke, C.; Beige, H.

doi:10.1007/s10832-007-9185-4

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Because of these characteristic properties, BaSnO 3 based ceramics are becoming more and more important in material technology. It can be used to prepare thermally stable capacitors and to fabricate ceramic boundary layer capacitors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Moreover, barium stannate can be also used as a functional material for semiconductor gas sensors [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and photocatalytic applications [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconducting properties of Ge-doped BaSnO3 ceramic

Köferstein

Yakuphanoğlu

2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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a b s t r a c tThe electrical and optical properties of Ge-doped BaSnO 3 ceramics sintered at various temperatures have been investigated to determine their semiconductor behavior. The electrical conductivity of Gedoped BaSnO 3 samples increases with increase in temperature, confirming that the samples exhibit a semiconductor behavior. A maximum conductivity value of 6.31 × 10 −9 S/cm was observed for the sample sintered at 1200 • C. The optical band gaps of the Ge-doped BaSnO 3 samples were determined by means of reflectance spectra. The variation of optical band gap with temperature was analyzed using E g (T) = E go +ˇT relation. The rate of change of the band gapˇof BaSn 0.99 Ge 0.01 O 3 was found to be 7.6 × 10 −4 (eV/ • C). A minimum optical band gap value of 2.95 eV was observed for the sample sintered at 1400 • C. It is evaluated that BaSn 0.99 Ge 0.01 O 3 is a wide band gap semiconductor and its semiconducting properties change with sintering temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconducting properties of Ge-doped BaSnO3 ceramic

Köferstein

Yakuphanoğlu

2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…The polarization distribution in a monolithic graded ceramics across the thickness was characterized by the thermal wave method (Movchikova et al 2008). The measured pyroelectric coefficient profile is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Combination Of Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition Gradient Actuators

Steinhausen

Beige

2008

Piezoelectric and Acoustic Materials for Transducer Applications

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Piezoelectric functionally graded materials (FGMs) are attractive alternatives to homogenous-single phase materials for actuator applications because of their reduced internal mechanical stresses and lower production costs. Furthermore, such FGM structures have increased band width if used as an ultrasonic transducer. One of the most effective ways to prepare piezoelectric and dielectric gradients based creating a gradient in chemical composition by powder processing prior to sintering. The sharp chemical interfaces between the green layers disappear because of diffusion during sintering. The chemical gradient is then transformed into a gradient in the piezoelectric properties by a poling process after sintering. Several models have been developed for the description of poling of layered systems, which is a formidable challenge. The ferroelectric properties, such as spontaneous polarization and coercive field strength, also depend on the local chemical composition. This causes an inhomogeneous electric field distribution, which is usually not stable in time because of conductive currents and space charges.In this chapter, different types of composition gradients for bending actuators are described. Combinations of hard and soft piezoelectric ceramics and electrostrictive and electroconductive materials are presented. The theoretical results are compared with experimental data for lead-free systems based on barium titanate. IntroductionFunctionally graded materials (FGMs) have a one or more dimensional gradient of at least one material property. Usually, several material properties change their values continuously in the direction of the gradient. Thus, a gradient in piezoelectric coefficients is often combined with a gradient in dielectric or elastic coefficients. Piezoelectric FGMs are suitable for applications where materials with different properties need to be mechanically connected. Thereby, residual mechanical stresses at interfaces between the different materials can be reduced. Piezoelectric FGMs with a gradient of the electromechanical properties can be used in micromechanical systems (MEMS), or as actuators for connecting piezoelectric active parts with substrates or other passive parts. In this way, reliability and lifetime of electromechanical devices can be improved. Furthermore, FGMs can be used to improve the bandwidth in ultrasonic applications (Sakamura et al. 2000).Monolithic bending actuators are a special application of piezoelectric FGMs. The bending effect strongly depends on the difference of the lateral strain at the top and the bottom surface of the actuator. Usually, two layers with different piezoelectric properties or with an electrode in between the layers are bonded together. It was shown that piezoelectric FGMs can reduce the mechanical stresses at the interface (Hauke et al. 2000). A good performance of the bending actuator depends on the quality of the piezoelectric gradient.Usually, the piezoelectric gradient in monolithic samples is obtained by creating a chemical composition gr...

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“…Barium stannate and its solid solutions (e.g., BaTi 1−x Sn x O 3 ) have found important applications in materials science and technology due to their dielectric properties [1][2][3][4][5]. Pure and doped barium stannate can be used as material for semiconductor gas sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical characterization of porous La-doped BaSnO3 using impedance spectroscopy

Ansaree

Upadhyay

2015

Ionics

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A few compositions in the system Ba 1−x La x SnO 3 (x=0.00, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.10) have been synthesized via the solid state ceramic route. The synthesized powders have been characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transformation infrared, thermogravimetrical analysis, and differential thermal analysis techniques. The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the samples confirms the formation of a single-phase solid solution only up to 0.50≤x. It was found that all the samples have a cubic crystal structure. The electrical properties of La-modified BaSnO 3 were studied using ac impedance spectroscopy technique over a wide range of temperatures (50-650°C) in the frequency range of 10 Hz-13 MHz. The complex impedance plots above 300°C show that total impedance is due to the contributions of grain and grain boundaries. The resistance of these contributions has been determined. Variation of these resistances with temperature shows the presence of two different regions with different slopes. The nature of the variation of conductivity of the grain and grain boundaries is different in different regions. Based on the value of activation energy, it is proposed that conduction via hopping of doubly ionized oxygen vacancies (V O •• ) is taking place in the temperature region of 300-450°C, whereas in the temperature region of 450-650°C, it is due to proton, i.e., OH • ions, hopping.

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Study of the pyroelectric behavior of BaTi1−x Sn x O3 piezo-ceramics

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Semiconducting properties of Ge-doped BaSnO3 ceramic

Semiconducting properties of Ge-doped BaSnO3 ceramic

Composition Gradient Actuators

Electrical characterization of porous La-doped BaSnO3 using impedance spectroscopy

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