Study of the Relation between Primary Open Angle ‎Glaucoma and Serum Lipid Levels

Abstract

Background: Glaucoma is identified as a progressively worsening optic neuropathy triggered by multiple factors and it is acknowledged as the foremost irreversible cause of blindness internationally. Emerging epidemiological inquiries indicate a potential association between elevated lipid levels and glaucoma, yet these findings present a dichotomy. Our research endeavor was aimed at delineating the connection between POAG and the levels of serum lipids. Methods: This cross-sectional, observational clinical investigation was conducted on 50 subjects in Ophthalmology Department in Benha University Hospital. Participants were classified into 25 control group and 25 POAG cases. All subjects underwent detailed history taking, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using Snellen's chart, Pupillary reaction, Anterior segment examination using slit lamp biomicroscopy, IOP measurement using slit lamp mounted Goldman applanation tonometer and assessment of serum lipid levels. Results: odd of severe POAG was 1.081 times greater for higher TC level (95%CI 1.00-1.168), 1.124 times greater for higher TG level (95%CI 1.012-1.246), and 0.569 times greater for higher VLDL level (95%CI 0.356-0.910). Univariate analysis shows that TC, TG, LDL and risk ratio I were the predictors of POAG, while multivariate analysis showed that only VLDL was the predictor of POAG. Conclusions: Our findings imply that dyslipidemia, characterized by high cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and LDL levels is linked to a higher risk of POAG. This research lays the groundwork for further studies on reducing dyslipidemia's impact on POAG prevalence and the effect of statin use in dyslipidemia on POAG progression.