“…Since then, in order to obtain higher densification, better dielectric properties, and reduce the sintering temperature, various attempts have been undertaken to improve the bismuth niobate properties as a microwave dielectric ceramic [4]. Besides the addition of different oxides, such as CuO [6], ZnO [13], V 2 O 5 [14,15], PbO, Bi 2 O 3 [16], and Fe 2 O 3 [17], several researchers tried to improve bismuth niobate properties through the substitution of bismuth for metals or lanthanides. In order to accomplish this task, (Bi 1−x R x )NbO 4 compositions were developed and studied, where R represents different metals, such as Fe [18] or Pb [19], and different lanthanides, such as Ce, Nd, Dy, Er, La, Sm, Ta, Gd, and La [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”