Study on Ambient Air Quality of Megacity Delhi, India During Odd–Even Strategy

Sharma, S.K.; Agarwal, Prerita; Mandal, T. K.; Karapurkar, Supriya G.; Shenoy, Damodar M.; Peshin, S. K.; Gupta, Anil; Saxena, Mohit; Jain, Srishti; Sharma, Ashima; Saraswati,

doi:10.1007/s12647-016-0201-5

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The cluster analysis showed that the imminent air mass at the receptor site Kanpur was mainly of continental type, i.e., from Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh of IGP and surrounding areas. Similar trajectories were observed over other IGP sites (e.g., Delhi and Varanasi) in the previous studies (Sharma et al, 2015(Sharma et al, , 2016(Sharma et al, , 2017. Saud et al (2012) reported the higher EC emission from Uttar Pradesh (12.73%) emitted from different fuel woods, crop residues and dung cakes than in other areas of IGP.…”

Section: Seasonal Characteristics Of Atmospheric Hgpsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In addition, studies have noted the associations of particulate matter and Hg with health, including cancer, respiratory symptoms, and mortality (Dockery and Pope, 1994;Kumari and Kulshrestha, 2018). In addition to several studies on chemical composition (Ram et al, 2010;Sen et al, 2016;Srivastava et al, 2016), some research has recently been conducted on the isotopic ratio of carbon, both stable 13 C and radiocarbon 14 C, to characterize the sources of carbonaceous aerosols (i.e., biomass burning, coal combustion and other fossil fuels at Delhi (Sawlani et al, 2019), Kanpur (Ghosh et al, 2014;Bikkina et al, 2017) and Lucknow and Varanasi in the IGP region (Sharma et al, 2015(Sharma et al, , 2017Sen et al, 2018). Lead (Pb) isotopic compositions of aerosols have been used to study the combustion of fossil fuel and high-temperature industries to evaluate Pb contamination at Kanpur (Sen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on Mercury in PM10 at an Urban Site in the Central Indo-Gangetic Plain: Seasonal Variability and Influencing Factors

Guo

Ram

Tripathee

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Mercury (Hg) is among the most toxic metals possessing a major threat to human health and aquatic ecosystems over the globe. However, measurement of Hg concentrations and seasonal variability remain poorly understood over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) in northern India. In this study, we present one-year data of particulate-bound mercury (HgP) in aerosol samples (PM 10) collected from Kanpur to understand seasonal variability and factors influencing concentration, as well as dry deposition flux. The HgP concentration exhibit a large temporal variability and ranged between 100 (on 14 June 2007) to 4340 pg m-3 (on 4 March 2007) with an annual average concentration of HgP is 776 ± 846 pg m-3. The HgP concentrations and HgP/PM 10 ratios showed a marked seasonality with the highest in winter (Dec-Feb) followed by post-monsoon (Oct-Nov) and summer (April-June) seasons. HgP and HgP/PM 10 were positively correlated (r 2 = 0.77, p < 0.05, N = 58) during the sampling period and the estimated dry deposition flux of HgP was 104.7 µg m-2 y-1. Although this study provides a comprehensive data set on HgP in an urban atmosphere of the IGP revealing high levels of HgP, measurement of gaseous Hg is needed for estimation of the total Hg budget. Therefore, future studies should focus on identification of different sources as well as emission characteristics of all forms of Hg (organic and inorganic forms) for better mitigation strategy to prevent health risks associated with toxic Hg in the region.

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Section: Seasonal Characteristics Of Atmospheric Hgpsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Mercury in PM10 at an Urban Site in the Central Indo-Gangetic Plain: Seasonal Variability and Influencing Factors

Guo

Ram

Tripathee

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Such meteorological influences, besides the elevated emission source strengths and upwind biomass-burning, highly complicate the detailed understanding of aerosol behavior over the IGP 18,[22][23][24] . The implementation of an odd-even scheme for vehicular traffic aiming to reduce its emissions in Delhi, India's capital territory, did not lead to a significant improvement in the air quality 25,26 , which highlighs the crucial need of studies on the spatio-temporal distribution of PM 2.5 over the complex environment of IGP region. Surface-based measurements did reveal the impacts of meteorology on aerosol properties over this region, however, such point observations are representative of a limited area and hence need to be corroborated with model results 27 for portraying the regional picture.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

On the widespread enhancement in fine particulate matter across the Indo-Gangetic Plain towards winter

Ojha

Sharma

Kumar

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

175

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Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 , aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm) impacts the climate, reduces visibility and severely influences human health. The Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), home to about one-seventh of the world's total population and a hotspot of aerosol loading, observes strong enhancements in the pM 2.5 concentrations towards winter. We performed high-resolution (12 km × 12 km) atmospheric chemical transport modeling (WRF-Chem) for the post-monsoon to winter transition to unravel the underlying dynamics and influences of regional emissions over the region. Model, capturing the observed variations to an extent, reveals that the spatial distribution of PM 2.5 having patches of enhanced concentrations (≥100 µgm −3) during post-monsoon, evolves dramatically into a widespread enhancement across the IGP region during winter. A sensitivity simulation, supported by satellite observations of fires, shows that biomass-burning emissions over the northwest IGP play a crucial role during post-monsoon. Whereas, in contrast, towards winter, a large-scale decline in the air temperature, significantly shallower atmospheric boundary layer, and weaker winds lead to stagnant conditions (ventilation coefficient lower by a factor of ~4) thereby confining the anthropogenic influences closer to the surface. Such changes in the controlling processes from post-monsoon to winter transition profoundly affect the composition of the fine aerosols over the IGP region. The study highlights the need to critically consider the distinct meteorological processes of west-to-east IGP and changes in dominant sources from post-monsoon to winter in the formulation of future pollution mitigation policies.

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“…It was observed that during the Beijing Olympics, the air quality in the city improved by 24.9% (Chen et al 2013). The odd-even policy in New Delhi shows a marginal change in air quality improvement (Sharma et al 2017;Chowdhury et al 2017). Levy et al (2006) also observed a small but measurable influence on air quality during the Democratic National Convention in Boston in 2004 due to road closures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on ambient air quality in megacities of India and implication for air pollution control strategies

Ravindra

Singh

Biswal

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Study on Ambient Air Quality of Megacity Delhi, India During Odd–Even Strategy

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Study on Mercury in PM10 at an Urban Site in the Central Indo-Gangetic Plain: Seasonal Variability and Influencing Factors

Study on Mercury in PM10 at an Urban Site in the Central Indo-Gangetic Plain: Seasonal Variability and Influencing Factors

On the widespread enhancement in fine particulate matter across the Indo-Gangetic Plain towards winter

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on ambient air quality in megacities of India and implication for air pollution control strategies

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