Study on Biogenic Spindle-Shaped Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles by Pseudostaurosira trainorii in Field of Laser Desorption/Ionization Applications

Abstract

Nanostructures-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (NALDI-MS) is gaining attention for the analysis of a wide range of molecules. In this present investigation, Pseudostaurosira trainorii mediated biosynthesized iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been utilized as nanostructures assisting ionization and desorption for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). The chain forming diatom, P. trainorii showed efficiency in the production of IONPs against 0.01 M Fe+3 (pH 2) aqueous solution at the intracellular and extracellular level. The whole biomass and external media turned dark orange in color after 3 days of reaction with Fe3+ solution. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images illustrated that the surface of Fe3+ exposed frustules of P. trainorii were entirely covered by synthesized nanostructures contrasting with the natural surface ornamentation of control cells. The IONPs loaded frustules also exhibited catalytic properties by decolorizing yellow colored nitrophenol after 3 h of reaction. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images confirmed that the produced particles are spindle-shaped with ~50–70 nm length and ~10–30 nm width. The biogenic IONPs were utilized as an inorganic matrix in LDI-MS and showed high sensitivity towards small molecules as glucose, alanine and triacylglycerols at nano- and picomolar level per spot, respectively. The presented biocompatible technique offers new perspectives in nanobiotechnology for the production of spindle-shaped IONPs that can be applied in future for the preparation of NALDI plates.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized from Apis mellifera Honey

“…These results confirmed the presence of Fe atoms, which dominated others in synthesized nanoparticles, pointing towards the highest proportion of Fe 2 O 3 -NPs in the sample. Another study reported a concentration of ultra-filtered Fe 2 O 3 -NPs in suspension, which was in line with our observations [40].…”

Removal of the Basic and Diazo Dyes from Aqueous Solution by the Frustules of Halamphora cf. salinicola (Bacillariophyta)

“…To analyse the frustule structure, the identification of functional groups on the surface is important. ATR-FTIR spectra showed a series of bands in the fingerprint region, which according to several reports [ 85 , 90 , 91 , 92 ], indicates bending (445 cm −1 ), symmetrical stretching (805 cm −1 ), and asymmetrical stretching (956, 1075, and 1150 cm −1 ) of the Si–O groups. According to [ 93 ] the vibration in the 565 cm −1 region could be due to the contribution of the siloxane rings.…”

“…Strong bands in the 2800–3000 cm −1 regions show stretching of the C–H groups [ 92 ]. Small IR vibrations are visible in the 1670, 1720, and 3660 cm −1 regions and they indicate the presence of the H–O–H deformation, the C = O stretching, and the O–H asymmetric stretching of the Si–OH group, according to several authors [ 85 , 90 , 92 , 94 ].…”

A novel effective bio-originated methylene blue adsorbent: the porous biosilica from three marine diatom strains of Nanofrustulum spp. (Bacillariophyta)

“…In order to identify the potential functional groups on the surface of the frustules, ATR-FTIR analysis was performed. According to several reports 12 , 62 , the appearance of strong bands at 1150, 1050, 805 and 442 cm −1 presented asymmetrical stretching, symmetrical stretching, and bending vibrations of Si–O–Si groups, respectively. There are strong bands recognised by several studies 12 , 62 , 63 as C–H stretching at 2981, 2922 (CH 3 ), 2851 (CH 2 ), and 854 cm −1 (Si–(CH 3 ) 2 ), and C=O stretching at 1748 cm −1 .…”

“…The widespread use of various organic pollutants, e.g. drugs 10 , antibiotics 11 , phenols 12 , and dyes 13 , in industry has resulted in the problem of water pollution. They are stored as industrial wastes and then purged into environmental water bodies, changing colorless clean water into contaminated colored wastes.…”