“…Nanofluids are commonly used in heat transfer units for performance enhancement of cooling fluids. Convective heat transfer using nanofluids, like Al 2 O 3 [ 37 , 38 , 39 ], ZrO 2 [ 39 , 40 ], CNT [ 41 , 42 ], CuO [ 38 ], Cu [ 38 ], and TiO 2 [ 43 , 44 ], have been investigated in numerical studies. Williams et al [ 39 ] investigated the heat transfer and pressure drop in horizontal tubes under turbulent flow conditions by performing experimental analysis on setup using alumina-water (Al 2 O 3 )- and zirconia-water (ZrO 2 )-based nanofluids.…”